A journal on "Understanding Design Approaches for Local

Construction Material Availability & Climate Change

Adaptation in Rural and Urban Vernacular Architecture of
Bangladesh"
CASE STUDY : UKHIYA CTG
PRESENTED BY: PRIYANKA BHATTACHARYA
INTRODUCTION : Bangladesh, a country of vast natural resources and diverse cultural heritage, has a long history of vernacular architecture. The rural and urban areas
of Bangladesh are characterized by unique architectural styles that reflect the cultural and environmental conditions of the region. However, with the growing impacts of
climate change and the need for sustainable development, there is an urgent need to explore new design approaches for vernacular architecture that integrate local construction
materials and climate change adaptation strategies. The availability of local construction materials in Bangladesh, such as bamboo, mud, and thatch, presents a unique
opportunity to design vernacular architecture that is both sustainable and affordable. These materials are renewable, easily accessible, and have a low carbon footprint, making
them an ideal choice for building in a country that is vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. By incorporating these materials into vernacular architecture, it is possible to
create buildings that are energy-efficient, comfortable, and resilient to the changing climate. Furthermore, the impacts of climate change, such as increased flooding, rising sea
levels, and extreme weather events, have highlighted the need for climate change adaptation strategies in the design of vernacular architecture. This requires an understanding
of the unique environmental conditions of each region and the design approaches that can be used to mitigate the impacts of climate change. Therefore, this thesis aims to
explore the design approaches that can be used to integrate local construction materials and climate change adaptation strategies into vernacular architecture in rural and urban
areas of Bangladesh. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature, case studies, and interviews with experts in the field, this thesis will provide insights into the
design approaches that can be used to create sustainable, resilient, and culturally appropriate vernacular architecture in Bangladesh.
 নির্মাণ কাজ চলিতেছে

সর্বসাধারণের প্রবেশ নিষেধ

 Artificial Lake: How to do & Care Tips
Artificial lakes, also known as ornamental lakes, are like small pools attached to the
ground outside the house. In addition to creating a beautiful look for the garden or yard,
they are relaxing, inspiring, and, best of all, easy to do.
But before thinking about starting your artificial lake, you need to raise a few important
points:
•How big is the external space available?
•Is it possible to dig, even if little, the soil of the yard or garden?
•Once assembled, can the lake hinder the circulation in the environment?
•Will the lake be just decorative or will it feature ornamental fish?
After raising these points, you can start the production of your artificial lake.

How to make an artificial lake?

Initially, check if the artificial lake you want to build can hold between 1,000 and 30,000
liters of water. This ensures that pumping, cleaning, and maintenance systems are
applied.
1.Mark the selected area and make sure that there are sockets nearby for using the
pumps. Start excavating the place and remember that everything must be removed, from
stones and roots to small plants. The cleaner the area gets, the better.
2.Dig until the inner walls of the artificial lake are about 45 degrees to the ground. This
makes it easier to apply decorative items after assembly.
3.Make the depth of the artificial lake between 20 and 40 cm.
4.Apply the chosen material for waterproofing the lake. Today you can find prefabricated
materials and canvas, or PVC canvas. The prefabricated style is more resistant but does
not offer many variations in size and depth. PVC canvas, on the other hand, guarantees
more freedom when creating and is more customizable.
5.Use stones to secure the screen along the lake’s shore. Remember we talked about the
45 degrees needed on the inner walls? Now is the time to cover this space with stones,
preferably round stones to avoid holes and tears in the canvas.
6.Choose the location to receive the pumps and filters. As in an aquarium, they are more
than necessary for the conservation of your artificial lake.
7.Apply coarse sand with gravel about two centimeters at the bottom of the artificial
lake. Then insert the plants that need to be in full contact with the water at the bottom of
the lake. They can be inserted in the sand with gravel or in pots inserted in the bottom of
the lake.
8.After placing all the decoration items, start to fill the lake with water with the help of a
hose without pressure.
9.Only after filling the lake can you start the pump. Always follow the manufacturer’s
instructions. Wait at least 24 hours to place fish in the pond.
 Artificial Lake: How to do & Care Tips
Necessary Care With the Artificial Lake:
•Avoid building the artificial lake next to trees. It can
damage the roots, in addition to being contaminated by
leaves or small fruits that can fall into the water;
•If your idea is to put fish in that pond, remember that it
needs to have at least one part that is in the shade. Also,
an artificial fish pond must be at least one meter
deep. This allows fish to enjoy a larger area of ​oxygen in
the water. In this case, it is also indicated that the artificial
lake has a space of, on average, 10 square meters.
•Maintenance of artificial lakes needs to be performed at
least once a month and does not take long. It is necessary
to check the operation of the pumps and measure the pH
of the water to check whether it is necessary to change it
or not.
Having an artificial lake at home is much simpler than you
imagined isn’t it? And now that you know how to do it and
the necessary care to keep it always beautiful, how about
checking out some images of artificial lakes to inspire you?
 Produce Squeezes Big Design Into Small Spaces

Produce showcases efficient design techniques in Singaporean family

home where spaciousness is rare and often considered a luxury.
Houses based around courtyard design have long been popular in
Singaporean shophouses as a reaction to the city-state’s dense urban
fabric. These courtyards offer a sense of the outdoors, within the
confines of the private enclosure so densely packed in a modern city.
Itis this design idea, taken from shophouse popularity, that’s inspired
the layout for this house. Designed by Produce, takes the form of a
tall, narrow, 3-storey townhouse style home punctured by an internal
courtyard formed in the middle of the building. Placing the courtyard
internally, compared to the traditional rear or front of the house, is an
inspired choice by the Produce team – not only allowing natural
lighting to flood into the space, but the stack effect enabled a natural
cooling to take place. This central void, ironically, serves as the anchor
for the design of the family home – the staircase enraptures it, eyes are
drawn to it, and main circulation spaces have been planned around it.
For client Chris and Tine, the house needed to have space to accommodate
themselves, their own young children, and two elderly grandparents. To
accommodate this large family a generous attic was the solution for the
constricted size of the plot, yet it was the common areas of the house that served
as the focal point in the design. Family-focused, the common spaces such as the
dining hall and living areas were given particular weight, serving as places for
gathering and conversations as the family meet together at dinner daily.
Part of the charm of an internal courtyard like this is the way the outdoors are
brought inside, but with the Singapore heat, this presents its own set of challenges.
The solution was a skylight finished in low emissivity film to reflect the harshness
of the sun’s rays, as well as paired with ventilation openings to keep the heat out
in the summer. This, along with the planter boxes around the void, give the space
the impression of an outdoor veranda with none of the problems.

In a theatrical flourish, at night the space is lit up with up-thrown lights, causing
the plants to cast dramatic shadows onto the brick and teak surfaces because even
the smaller spaces deserve a big show.