IGNITION SYSTEM

INCLUDING:
PARTS AND FUNCTION
OPERATION
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
WHAT IS IGNITION/IGNITION SYSTEM?

• Ignition – exothermic chemical reaction between fuel and an oxidant

accompanied by the production of heat.
• Ignition System - generates a spark or heats an electrode to a high
temperature to ignite a fuel-air mixture in spark ignition internal combustion
engines, oil-fired and gas-fired boilers, rocket engines, etc.
WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF IGNITION
SYSTEM?

We have three (3) types of ignition system:

• The Distributor Automotive Ignition System
• The Distributor-Less Ignition System
• Coil-on-Plug Ignition System
THE DISTRIBUTOR AUTOMOTIVE IGNITION
SYSTEM

In the fully mechanical distributor, the gears spin the main distributor
shaft. Inside, a set of “ignition points” rubs against a multi-sided cam on the
distributor shaft. The cam opens and closes the points; they act like a
mechanical switch that interrupts current flow. That’s what starts and stops the
flow of power to the ignition coil. Once the coil generates firing voltage, it
travels to the top of the coil and into the top of the distributor cap. There, a
rotating disc attached to the distributor shaft “distributes” the power to each of
the spark plug wires.
THE DISTRIBUTOR-LESS IGNITION SYSTEM

This system determines spark timing based on two shaft position

sensors and a computer. The Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKP) is mounted at
the front of the crankshaft, or near the flywheel on some vehicles, and the
Camshaft Position Sensor (CMP) is mounted near the end of the camshaft.
These sensors continually monitor both shafts’ positions and feed that
information into a computer.
COIL-ON-PLUG IGNITION SYSTEM

The coil-on-plug (COP) vehicle ignition system incorporates all the

electronic controls found in a DIS car ignition system, but instead of two
cylinders sharing a single coil, each COP coil services just one cylinder, and
has twice as much time to develop maximum magnetic field. As a result, some
COP car ignition systems generate as much as 40,000 to 50,000 volts and much
hotter, stronger sparks.
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT COMPONENTS
ON IGNITION SYSTEM?

• Ignition Switch
• Ignition Coil
• Ignition Distributor
• High Tension Wires/Cables
• Sparkplug
IGNITION SWITCH

Is a switch in the control system of a motor vehicle that activates the

main electrical systems for the vehicle, including "accessories" (radio, power
windows, etc.).
IGNITION COIL

The ignition coil is a step-up transformer that raises the battery voltage
to a high voltage that may reach 20,000 – 25,000 volts. In some electronic
ignition system, the voltage may go up to 47,000 volts or higher.
IGNITION DISTRIBUTOR

The ignition distributor does two jobs. First, it has a set of contact
points or breaker points that work as a fast-acting switch. When the points
close, current flows through the coil. When the points open, current flow stop
and the coil produce a high voltage surge.
Second, the distributor distributes the high voltage surges to the spark
plugs in the correct firing order.
HIGH TENSION WIRES/CABLES

These cables connect between the center of the ignition coil and the
distributor cap, and between the distributor cap and the spark plugs.
SPARK PLUG

Spark plug has two solid-metal conductors called electrodes positioned

to form a gap. The gap is between the insulated center electrode and the ground
electrode. The spark jumps the gap to ignite the compressed air-fuel mixture in
the engine cylinders.
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF
IGNITION SYSTEM