Objective-1

1. Evaluate the effectiveness of the enzymatic, hydrothermal, and Fenton pretreatment methods for
SWW.
2. Analyse how much biogas can be produced from pre-treated SWW with the addition of biochar.
3. Analyse how much biogas can be produced from pre-treated SWW without the addition of
biochar.
4. Analyse how much biogas varies for SWW and pretreated SWW.
 Objective-2
co-digests with
Fenton sludge,
WAS, and SWW

Fenton Process
co-digests with
WAS, and SWW

Fenton sludge

1. Fenton pretreatment for effluent from slaughterhouses.

2. To evaluate the energy efficiency of a two-stage reactor system that co-digests with Fenton sludge, WAS,
and slaughterhouse wastewater to produce biogas.
3. To evaluate the energy efficiency of a two-stage reactor system that co-digests with WAS, and
slaughterhouse wastewater to produce biogas.
Reference
Sustainable Strategy for Enhancing Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge: Driving Dissimilatory Iron
Reduction with Fenton Sludge By Mingwei Wang, Zhiqiang Zhao, and Yaobin Zhang*.
 Objective-3
1. Find out the best-suitable nano-particle for the treatment of SWW.
2. Culturing media for treatment of SWW.
3. Preparation of a compact bed reactor for treating the effluent.
4. Performing Horizontal and Vertical Column based study.
5. Optimization of Parameters.
 Pre-treatments available for SWW
1. While Excessive levels of Fat can be inhibitory to the AD process. In SWW FOG load around 100 –
4000+ mg/L.

2. Fats Contains a very high Theoretical methane potential = 1014 LCH4/Kg VS, for Carbohydrates = 370

LCH4/Kg VS, for proteins = 740 LCH4/Kg VS.

3. Fat particle size reduction due to pretreatments.

4. A reduction in particle size increases the surface area to volume ratio of the fat content, increasing the area
to chemical and enzymatic interaction.

5. Logically, this should increase total methane production.

6. pretreatment method can indeed enhance biogas production. However, the physical and chemical
pretreatments are considered expensive due to high energy demand and operating costs
Biological pre-treatment:-
1. Peng et al. investigated the use of an oil-degrading Bacillus species. Prior to AD, oily wastewater was
subject to a 24 h digestion with Bacillus.

2. During this time, exoenzymes were released by the bacteria to cleave triglycerides, diglycerides, and
LCFA, and increase the concentration of VFA present. This results in greater contact between microbes
and the VFA substrates, significantly enhancing the mass transfer of soluble nutrients into the sludge.

3. This pre-digestion process resulted in an increase in methane yield by 16% and an increase in the
methane content of the biogas produced by 8% from 52 to 60%.

Advantages: Disadvantages

1. Low energy consumption 1. Slow

2. No lignin breakdown
Enzymatic pre-treatment
• Hydrolysis of pork and beef fat through enzymatic pre-treatment has been demonstrated by Masse et al.

• This investigation involved the pre-treatment of abattoir waste with pancreatic lipase 250 (PL-250) at 25
C for 5.5 h.

• Pre-treatment alone resulted in the hydrolysis of 35% of fat, while subsequent digestion achieved 80%
reduction in neutral fat and LCFA concentration 5% faster than the controls.

• Methane content of biogas was unaffected by PL-250 pre-treatment. Furthermore, Massé et al. have stated
that PL-250 is more effective in the treatment of beef fat particles than treating pork fat particles.

Advantages Disadvantages

1. Low energy consumption 1. Continuous addition required

2. High cost of enzyme

 Bio-surfactants
• Bio-surfactants are typically used to pre-treat wastes high in FOG.

• A study by Nakhla et al. evaluated BOD balance in the treatment of FOG-rich rendering wastewater prior
to AD. With a dose of 500 mg/L, BOD-balance affected reductions in tCOD and sCOD of 63.42% and
73.21% respectively.

• While biogas production was not reported.

Advantages: Disadvantages:

1. Dissolution of lipids 1. High cost of bio-surfactants

2. Less toxic than anionic surfactants. 2. low commercial production

 Objective-4

• Evaluate the effectiveness of the enzymatic, Biosurfactants, and Biological pretreatment methods for
SWW.

• Analyse how much biogas is produced for SWW without pretreatments.

• Analyse how much biogas is produced for SWW pretreatments.