Diet planning for disease and

healthy persons
FST-504 P
• Eating right is one of the best preventive
medicine there is
• But people don’t know what's good for them
• There where dietitian and nutritionist come in
• Monitor, access and optimize nutrition status
based on patients current medical condition
• Teach patient to nutritional sound food choices to
speed the recovery process, prevent disease and
maintain healthy life style
• Dietitians often recommend therapeutic diet
Example of therapeutic diets
1. Regular diet
2. Liquid diet
3. Soft diet
4. Diabetic diet
5. Calorie controlled diet
6. Low cholesterol diet
7. Fat restricted diet
8. Sodium restricted diet
9. Protein diet
10. Bland diet
11.Low residue diet
Regular diet
Balanced diet
At times it has slightly reduce calorie content
Food such as dessert, cream sauces, salad
dressings and fried foods may be decreased
Liquid diet
Nutritional inadequate and should be used for
short period of time
After surgery or heart attack
Patient with acute infection
Clear liquid and full liquid diet
Soft diet
Similar to regular diet but food require chewing
and be easy to digest
This excludes most raw fruits and vegetables
with skin and seeds, dried fruits, fried foods,
spicy foods, orange or tomato juice, and nuts.
• Diabetic diet
The Diabetic diet, is low in sugar and fat
For patient who does not produce enough insulin
for metabolizing carbohydrates
Avoid sugar, candy, soft drinks, desserts,
cookies, syrup, honey, jams and jellies
Sodium restricted diet
Used for patients with cardiovascular disease
such as high blood pressure or congestive heart
disease or kidney disease
Avoid or limit addition of salt to any food, avoid
smokes meat, processed foods , pickles
High protein diet
• Used for children and adolescents who need additional
growth, patients before and after surgery, patient
suffering from burns, fever and infections
• High protein diet of 100-125g per day may be
prescribed for a variety of conditions
• Fever
• After surgery
• Ulcerative colitis
• Celiac disease
• Cystic fibrosis
Low protein diet
• Recommended intake : 18-22gms
Calorie controlled diet
Low calorie diet
These diets are prescribed for weight reduction in
• Diabetes mellitus
• Cardiovascular diseases
• Hypertension
• Gout
Low fat/low cholesterol diet
• Is used to reduce fat levels
• Is low in total fat and trans fats and contains
approximately 250-300 mg cholesterol
Eat plenty of soluble fiber.
Eat lots of fruits and vegetables
Eat fish that are high in omega-3 fatty acids.
Limit salt
Limit alcohol.
Bland diet
• A bland diet includes foods that are soft, not
very spicy, and low in fiber. If you are on a
bland diet, you should not eat spicy, fried, or raw
foods
• Eating a bland diet may help relieve heartburn,
vomiting, diarrhea, and nausea.
• A bland diet can also be an effective way to treat
peptic ulcers, especially when coupled with
certain lifestyle changes, such as lessening stress.
Chronic diseases
• Chronic diseases are defined broadly as
conditions that last 1 year or more and require
ongoing medical attention or limit activities of
daily living or both.
• Chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer,
and diabetes are the leading causes of death
and disability in the United States
Many chronic diseases are caused by a short list
of risk behaviors:
• Tobacco use and exposure to secondhand smoke.
• Poor nutrition, including diets low in fruits and
vegetables and high in sodium and trans fats.
• Physical inactivity.
• Excessive alcohol use
1. Hypertension/high blood pressure
2. Coronary heart disease (CHD)
3. Hepatitis
4. Stroke
5. Cancer
6. Asthma
7. Diabetes
8. Arthritis
9. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
10.Chronic kidney disease