A.

METHODS AND TEACHING

•Teaching is defined as instructing,
tutoring or educating. It stand for
pedagogy, training and nurturing.
•Teaching is an educational
endeavor, refers to the vital role of
teachers in engaging students in
activities that will enable them to
acquire knowledge and skills.
B. METHODS, STRATEGIES AND TECHNIQUES
• METHOD- is a systematic plan to achieve a
learning objective. It is a procedure that must
followed “strictly” to attain a goal.
• STRATEGY- a term that originated from the
military, stands for a carefully devised plan of
action to achieve an objective in the
battlefield.
• TECHNIQUES- refers to art, style or manner of
a teacher’s performance in following a
procedure. Carrying out a task in a cautious
and “watchful” way.
 C. ROLES OF METHODS

As a clearly defined way of

teaching, various
methodologies present
unique courses of action
that will help teacher
immensely in planning how
to go about a daily lesson.
Deciding on a method to be used assists in a number of ways;
1. It serves as a guide in preparing all the materials, simple
tools and equipment that will be needed.
2. The activities or learning tasks that will be performed
could be determined, including the approximate time to be
allotted for each and the proper sequencing to be followed.
3. How the activities will be performed in order to progress
in the right direction will be clearly understood and
anticipated by the leaders if some are assigned.
4. A method that would require movement from one place to
another will be planned with much care to avoid confusion.
5. The instructional objective that would be
highlighted will dictate the method to be employed.
6. The method will serve as a guide in observing
performance indicators, that is whether the students
are progressing or finding difficulty in the procedure.
7. The method employed could help plan the
assessment instruments that could reveal whether
the objective has been achieved.
8. A well-planned procedure will add to a strong
feeling of confidence and security for the teacher as
well for the students.
9. It is so fulfilling and gratifying for a teacher to
develop competence in deciding on a method to use
and implementing it successfully.
 D. COMMON POINTS
• Common steps in teaching:
1.Preparation for instruction
2.Motivation
3.Presentation of learning tasks
4.Inducement of the trial response
5.Correction of the trial response
6.Fixation of response
7.Test response and evaluation
 E. FACTORS INVOLVED
Factors Involved in the Particular Method
1. Suit the teacher’s abilities, knowledge of subject matter
and interests.
2. Suit the student’s abilities-both verbal and psychomotor.
3. Suit the type of teaching aimed at such as teaching how
to(skill-oriented) teaching that (knowledge oriented) or
teaching to be ( value oriented).
4. Suit the time and place context of the teaching situation.
5. Suit the subject matter at hand.
6. Suit the numbers of students to be taught.
7. Suit the interests and experience of the students.
8. Suit the teacher’s relationship with the students.
F. CRITERIA FOR METHOD SELECTION
1. Objective to be pursued.
2. Subject to be taught.
3. Instructional equipment, tools and materials.
4. The students abilities
5. The students’ interests.
6. Previous learning or experience.
7. The kind of participating expected.
8. Context of the teaching situation.
9. Knowledge and ability of the teacher.
10.Safety precautions
 G. CLASIFYING METHODS
1. Where suitably unsertaken
a. in the laboratory room
b. In the field/community
c. In the library/ examining printed materials.
d. classroom-based/out of classroom.
2. Focused participants:individual or group
3. Action-based
4.Technology-based
5. According to goals
6. According to Time Available
H. GENERAL CLASSIFICATIONS AND THEIR
CHARACTERESTICS
I. BASIC STEPS TO BE FOLLOWED
 Initial preparation
Gathers, prepares and arrange for
accessibility
Motivation phase
Lesson proper
Observe progress from one activity to another
Summarizing phase
Assessment
Evaluation
J. EVALUATING THE METHOD USED
1.PURPOSE
Evaluating the worth and effectiveness of
a method used is as important an
undertaking in a teacher’s decision-
making, to have good feedback on the
following.
To be able to trace the step that was
missed or overdone.
Determine additional criteria that should
have been considered.
2. How can a method be evaluated?
Observations, informal and formal
Use of assessment instruments
Recordings through the use of motivational
instrument
Journals submitted by the students may be
reviewed to find out which step was missed.
Objectives and essay test given after
completing a lesson or at the end of a chapter
are a measure if the objectives are being
achieved or not.
 THANK
YOU
VALDEZ RICHIELLE
LAQUINTA APRIL
CAYE
JOY