Chapter 6

UNIX : A CASE STUDY

Marks 08

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Overview of UNIX
In 1965 Bell new OS was developed
named as “MULTICS” for mainframe
systems.
The goals of MULTICS are:
1. Provide access to large no of users.
2. Provide large computation power and
data storage.
3. Allow users to share their data easily.

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Features of UNIX Operating System
1. Unix is Portable
2. Open System
3. Multi-user Capability
4. Multi-tasking Capability
5. Hierarchical File System
6. The shell
7. Built in Networking
8. Security
9. Software Development Tools
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Structure of UNIX OS

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Booting
BIOS
MBR
Kernel
GRUB
Init
Runlevel programs

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 BIOS BIOS Executes MBR

MBR MBR Executes GRUB

GRUB GRUB Executes Kernel

Kernel
Kernel Executes /sbin/Init

Init Init Executes Runlevel programs

Runlevel
Runlevel programs are executed

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UNIX File System
1. Ordinary files
They contain
information stored in some format ,
binary programs, source code programs
or ASCII text files.
UNIX is case sensitive
so file1 and FILE1 as two separate
names.

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 2. Directory Files
They can be thought of
as branches of a tree that tie the file
structure together.
They are a collection of
files or subdirectories.
Inode File Name
No.

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3. Special files
Ip-System Printer
rdsk , dsk –disks
hd00 , hd01-hard disk
represents
tty00 , tty01-terminals or
communication lines.

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 Printers Tapes
Disk files

Terminal Communication Pipes

line

Fig. Special files

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 UNIX and LINUX Comparison
Linux is just kernel
User Friendly
Security Firewall Software
Backup and Recovery
Software(tar,dump/restore)
File System
System Startup Scripts(HP-UX,Linux)
End User Perspective( Perl or Eclipse tool)

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Thank You

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