Communication

Skills
By
Chirag Parmar
140210125078
Ashish Parmar
140210125076
Introduction
The exchange of information, ideas and knowledge
between sender and receiver through an accepted code of
symbols.
Two way process
The term ‘communication’, derived from a Latin term
‘communicare’.
Sender-Encoding-Mediums-Decoding-Receiver-Feedback
Process of Communication
encode decode
Sender Medium Receiver

Feedback
Noise in Communication
Physical Noise (channel)
Psychological Noise
Reasons:
Faulty background, surrounding noise, high volume,
illegible handwriting
Ambiguous sentence structure, faulty grammar,
misspelling, incorrect pronunciation or punctuation
General & Technical Communication
General: Technical:

Contains a general message Contains a technical

Informal in style and message
approach Mostly formal in style and
No set pattern approach
Mostly oral Follows a set pattern
Not always for a specific Both oral and written
audience Always for a specific
No use of technical terms or audience
graphics Frequently involves
jargons, graphics etc.
Meaning in Communication
Language employs a combination of words to
communicate ideas in a meaningful way.
By changing the word order in a sentence, you can
change it’s meaning, and make it meaningless.

E.g.: I eat rice only.

I only eat rice.
Characteristics of Language
1-Artificial:
It’s a man made system.
Man modifies meanings of words as per the need.
E.g. ‘nice’-means good
It’s Latin root ‘nescire’ means to be ignorant
And in 13th century it meant stupid, foolish
Characteristics of Language
2-Resticted:
When we think and translate our thoughts into
language, some meaning is lost in process.

E.g.-my school
Characteristics of Language
3-Abstract:
It represents a generalized idea.
E.g.-dress, table

4-Arbitrary:
No direct relationship between word and the object it
represents.
E.g.-table can be called anythinng
Characteristics of Language
5-Creative:
Generates many words in many meanings.
E.g.-mouse, virus, edutainment
6-Repititive:
It improves or reduces effectiveness of
communication.
E.g.-A couple of girls are riding their bicycles.
All of you meet together to see me in the afternoon
at 3 p.m.
Characteristics of Language
7-Recursive:
No limit of any potential length of a sentence.
Generates any number of additional parts in a sentence.
He borrowed a pen from me…which was not
mine….and was given to me by someone
Levels of Communication
Extra personal
Intra personal
Inter personal
Organizational (-internal operational-external
operational-personal)
Mass (large reach-impersonal-presence of a gatekeeper)
 LEVELS OF COMMUNICATION

EXTRAPERSON INTRAPERSON INTERPERSON ORGANIZATIO MASS

AL AL AL NAL

INTERNAL- LARG
OPERATIO E
NAL REACH

IMP
ERS
ON
PR
ALI
ESE
TY
NC
E
EXTERNAL- OF
OPERATIO GE
NAL ET
KE
EP
ER

PERSO
NAL
EXTRAPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
 COMMUNICATION
BETWEEN HUMAN
BEINGS
 AND NNON HUMAN
ENTITIES
 IT REQUIRES MORE
PERFECTNESS
 UNDER STANDING AND
COORDINATION
BETWEEN SENDER AND
RECEIVER
INTRAPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
 TAKE PLACE
INDIVIDUALLY
 WITHOUT SUCH
INTERNAL DIALOGUE
THIS COMMUNICATION
DOES NOT TAKE PLACE
 SELF MOTIVATION AND
SELF DETERMINATION
INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
 REFERS FOR SHARING
INFORMATION
AMONG PEOPLE
 ADVANTAGEOUS DUE
TO IMMEDIATE FEED
BACK
 IT CAN BE FORMAL OR
INFORMAL
ORGANIZATIONAL
COMMUNICATION
 TAKE PLACE AT DIFFERENT
HIERARCHICAL LEVELS
 INTERNAL-OPERATIONAL:ALL
COMMUNICATION THET
OCURES IN CONDUCTING WORK
WITHIN AN ORGANIZATION
 EXTERNAL-OPERATIONAL:THE
WORK RELATED
COMMUNICATION THAT AN
ORGANIZATION DOES WITH
PEOPLE OUTSIDE
 PERSONAL:ALL
COMMUNICATION IN AN
ORGANIZATION THAT OCURES
WITHOUT PURPOSE AS FAR AS
BUSINESS CONCERNED
MASS COMMUNICATION
 MEDIATOR IS REQUIRED
TO TRANSMIT
 E.X:JOURNALS,BOOKS,
 IT IS MORE PERSUASIVE
IN THE NATURE THAN
ANY OTHER FORM OF
COMMMUNICATION
AND REQUIRED OUT
MOST CARE ON PART OF
SENDER IN ENCODING
THE MESSAGE
 FLOW OF C0MMUNICATION

DOWNWA LATERAL OR DIAGONAL

UPWARD HORIZONTA OR CROSS-
RD L WISE
Flow of Communication
Downward
Upward
Lateral or Horizontal
Diagonal or Cross-wise
DOWNWARD COMMUNICATION
 UPPER DEGNITY TO
LOWER
 IT IS ADEQUATELY
BALANCED BY
UPWARD
COMMUNICATION
 E.X:OFFICE;
UPWARD COMMUNICATION
 LOWER DEGNITY TO
UPPER DEGNITY
 DEPENDS ON THE
ORGANIZATIONAL
 CULTURE
LATERAL COMMUNICATION
 DETWEEN PEER OR
HIERARCHICALLY EQUIVALENT
EMPLOYEES
 IT SAVE TIME,FACILIATE
COORDINATION AND BRIDGE
THE COMMUNICATION GAP
AMONG VARIOUS
DEPERTMENTS
 EITHER ADVANTAGES OR
DISADVANTAGES
 ENABLES THE SHARING OF
INFORMATION WITH A VIEW
TO APPRISE THE PEER GROUP
OF ACTIVITIES OF A
DEPERTMENT
 VITAL FOR THE GROWTH OF
ORGANIZATOIN
DIAGONAL COMMUNICATION
FLOWS N ALL
DIRECTIONS AND
CUTS ACROSS
FUNCTIONS AND
LEVELS IN AN
ORGANIZATION
IT IS QUICK AND
EFFICIENT
IT IS ENCOURAGED BY
SOCIAL NETWORKING
Communication Networks
Formal Network:
Chain network
Y- network
Wheel network
Circle network
All channel network
Communication Networks
Informal Network:
Single strand
Gossip
Probability
Cluster
Technical Communication
 Oral Forms  Written Forms
 Face-to-face communication  Memos
 Telephone Talk  Letters
 Meetings  E-mails
 Seminars  Faxes
 Conferences  Notices
 Dictation  Circulars
 Instructions  Newsletters
 Presentations  Reports
 Group discussions  Proposals
 Interviews (employment/press)  Research papers
 Video conferences  Bulletins
 Voice conferences  Brochures
 Manuals
 In-house journals
Conclusion
Your communication skills can make a difference
between being hired and fired.

Will will find a way….

Practice makes a man perfect…

*****