Basic Purifier

1.4.1.6.6
PURIFIER AND
FUEL OIL
TREATMENT (2)
OPERATION

(01)
 Gravity Disc
• The gravity disc is sets the location of the oil and water interface
line, which is variable according to the makers design.
• The size of diameter is stamped on the disc.

Gravity
Disc
  Gravity Disc
•The gravity disc is sets the
location of the oil and water
interface line, which is
variable according to the
makers design.
•The size of diameter is
stamped on the disc.
Gravity
Disc
Gravity
Disc
  Gravity Disc

•The small diameter is used for

higher density oil and vice versa.
•The correct size of the gravity disc
should be chosen according to the
feed oil density.
  Gravity Disc
•If it is too large in diameter
(inner/hole), the interface towards the
bowl periphery, or the water outlet will
contain oil.
•If it is too small, the interface closer to
the bowl centre, or the oil will tend to
emulsify, or the clean oil outlet will
contain water.
How and why to chosen the
correct size of the Gravity
Disc.
(4 marks )
 Gravity disc for purifiers
and
choose depend on

•The gravity disc is sets the location

of the oil and water interface line,
which is variable according to the
makers design.
 Gravity disc choose depend on
Gravity disc choose depend on:
1. Separation temperature
2. Specific gravity of oil at that temperature
3. Flow rate or through put (10% more than
fuel consumption)
4. Correct Gravity disc is chosen as per
Nomogram.
Nomogram
What is the gravity disc for
purifiers and how can choose
depend on?
(4 marks )
  Function of gravity disc
and
Information are required to select
the Gravity Disc.

•Function of gravity disc

The gravity disc sets the location of the oil
and water interface line, which is variable
according to the makers design.
Information are required to select
the Gravity Disc are.
1.Separation temperature
2.Specific gravity of oil at that temperature
3.Flow rate or through put (10% more than
oil consumption)
4.The size of diameter is stamped on the
disc.
Explain the function of
gravity disc and what
information are required to
select the Gravity Disc.
(4 marks )
 Purifier

Centrifugal 19
Force
 CENTRIFUGES
Purifiers
- Used to removed water and suspended solids
from oil
- Consists of a bowl which is rotated on its axis
- When dirty oil is fed into the bowl, the solid
particles and heavier liquid, water, are
deposited nearest to the bowl and oil separates
into layer close to axis of the bowl
Purifiers (continued)
- Multi-layer of disc separate
liquid into thin layers, creating
shallow settling distances,
improving separation of solid
particles and oil, and disc are
between 50 and 150 in numbers
and 2 to 4 mm apart 21
Purifiers (continued)
- Prior to feeding oil purifier
required to be filled with sealing
water to prevent oil escaping
through water outlet

22
Clarifier

26
 CENTRIFUGES

Clarifiers
- Fitted next to purifier and used
to removes finer solid particles
which have passed the purifier
- A clarifier has only one outlet
for clean oil
27
Clarifier

28
 CENTRIFUGES
Clarifiers (continued)
- The lowest disc of the clarifier
has no hole, thus the oil has to
travel right to the outside edge of
the disc stack before it can get
over and in towards the centre
clean oil outlet
29
 CENTRIFUGES
Clarifiers (continued)
- Due to large radius, traveled by
feed oil, higher centrifugal force
affects on it and able to remove
finer solid particles which manage
to pass the purifier

30
PURIFIRE & CLARIFIER SERIES OPEARTION
Clarifiers are employed with
purifier in addition
•The fine particles of aluminium
and silicon cannot be separated
alone by purifier, thus series
purification process has now
came alive again.
Clarifier

33
Clarifier must be placed after the
purifier and it will be removed the fine
solid and lighter particles of foreign
matters, though still heavier than the oil
which have been left behind from the
purifier.
•Clarifier needs no water seal thus more
bowl space is available for the
separation of the oils.
Why clarifiers are employed
with purifier in addition?
(4 marks )
 Purifier

Centrifugal 36
Force
 Different between Purifier and Clarifier

Purifier Clarifier

1 Two outlets water and oil Only oil outlet

2 Gravity disc on top No gravity disc, only sealing ring

3 Blind disc on top Blind disc at bottom

4 Water sealing space required No water sealing space required.

5 Can be used alone for H.F.O Combine with purifier in series.

Clarifier

38
 Purifier
1.Two outlets water and oil
2.Gravity disc on top
3.Blind disc on top
4.Water sealing space required
5.Can be used alone for H.F.O
 Clarifier
1.Only oil outlet
2.No gravity disc, only sealing ring
3.Blind disc at bottom
4.No water sealing space required.
5.Combine with purifier in series
Compare purifier and
clarifier.
(4 marks )
Liquid flow
pattern
 Liquid flow pattern
 Liquid flow pattern
•Fluid moving between two plates has
a velocity greatest at mid point and
minimum approaching the plates.
• A particle entering into the plates
will tend to be pushed upwards by
the fluid flow.
 Liquid flow pattern
 Liquid flow pattern
•All the time centrifugal force
tends to retard the horizontal
component of the movement
causing the particle to approach the
underside of the top disc.
•As it approaches the fluid flow velocity
reduces
 Liquid flow pattern
•The centrifugal force eventually
overcomes the force acting on the
particle due to fluid movement
and the particle starts to move
towards the outer dam.
 Liquid flow pattern
The centrifugal force acting on a
particle is proportional to its mass
therefore a small particle will
tend to move further under the
influence of fluid flow.
 Liquid flow pattern
 Liquid flow pattern (continued)
•Indeed a particle small enough will
be carried through the plates and out
with the discharge.
• In this way it can be seen that
reducing the flow rate to a purifier
will tend to increase the quality of
the output.
 Liquid flow pattern
•Explain the liquid flow
pattern of Purifier with
sketch. (12 Marks)
Section A Questions
1. What is the gravity disc for purifiers and how can
choose depend on?
2. How and why to chosen the correct size of the
Gravity Disc.
3. Explain the function of gravity disc and what
information are required to select the Gravity Disc.

4. Compare purifier and clarifier.

5. Why clarifiers are employed with purifier in
 Questions
Section B
2. (a) Explain the liquid flow
pattern of Purifier with sketch.
(12 Marks)
(b) What is the basic of Purifier? (4 marks )