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The Indicative Mood

in English Grammar
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3 Verb Moods in English Grammar

 There are three main mood forms in English grammar:

 1. Imperative mood: The imperative mood expresses commands.
For example: “Kick the ball!”
 2. Indicative mood: The indicative mood states facts in the form
of statements, opinions, or questions. For example: “You kicked
the ball.”
 3. Subjunctive mood: A sentence with a subjunctive verb
expresses a demand, wish, doubt, or imaginary situation. “You
would kick the ball

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Indicative Mood
"Get plenty of rest!"
"I wish I had some
cheese..."

"We finished the

project on time."
Subjunctive Mood 3
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In grammar, the indicative mood is a verb form you use to make

declarative statements that you assume to be factually accurate, such as
when you ask a question in the form of a statement or state an opinion as if
it were a fact.
In Modern English grammar, indicative mood belongs to the grammatical
mood group, along with imperative mood and subjunctive mood. A
grammatical mood expresses how the speaker uses the main verb (one of
the parts of speech) in a sentence to give meaning to the object of the
sentence.

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Indicative mood is the only “realis mood,” meaning it
expresses something that is real or true—factual statements
about the subject—therefore a sentence’s inclusion of an
indicative mood verb is conditional based on whether the
sentence contains statements of fact.
You can use an indicative verb in any verb tense in either
declarative sentence or interrogative sentence structures.
Indicative mood is the most commonly used mood type in the
English language.

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Examples of the Indicative Mood in Different Tenses
In English, you use verbs in three tenses: present, past, and future.
You modify those three tenses with the use of auxiliary verbs, which are
words that enable you to adjust the tense even further, into “simple” or
“perfect” forms of the present, past, or future tenses.

Here are examples of indicative mood in all six tense variations:

1. Simple past tense:

“They moved.”
In this sentence, "moved" is an indicative mood verb in the simple past
tense. There is no indicator of when, precisely, there was movement, but
the tense indicates it happened in the past. 6 6
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2. Past perfect tense:
“They had moved.”
Past perfect tense expands on the simple past tense by adding a
modifier that indicates one thing happened prior to the other
action.

3. Simple present tense:

“They move.”
In the example sentence, “move” is a verb in the simple
present tense, indicative mood, communicating that the action
is occurring presently.
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4. Present заголовка
perfect tense:
“They have moved.”
A present perfect tense indicative mood verb expresses that the action
began in the past.

5. Simple future tense:

“They will move.”
In simple future tense, you indicate something to occur in the future.

6. Future perfect tense:

“They will have moved.”
Future perfect, in comparison to simple future, expresses that an action
will be completed at some point in the future.
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The indicative mood is a type of grammatical
mood used to express facts, statements,
opinions, or questions. It is the sole realis mood
in English (as opposed to the irrealis moods).
This mood can be used in the past, present, or
future tense and in a declarative sentence (i.e., a
statement) or an interrogative sentence (i.e., a
question).

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Present indicative 10

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present indicative describes things that are happening, are about to happen, or are believed to be
happening.

Declarative sentences in the present indicative

For example:
“She brings her own lunch to work every day.” (present simple tense)
“The cashier is counting the customer’s change.” (present continuous tense)
“I have visited every major theme park in the world.” (present perfect tense)
“They have been staying with my parents while the repairs are finished.” (present perfect continuous
tense)

Interrogative sentences in the present indicative

Interrogative sentences in the present indicative may use to inquire about a current or closely occurring
action or event.
For example:
“What kinds of books do you normally read?” (present simple tense)
“What is Mae doing right now?” (present continuous tense)
“Have you heard that new song on the radio yet?” (present perfect tense)
“Where have you been working these days?” (present perfect continuous tense) 10
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Past indicative
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Verbs in the past indicative describe things that have happened or are believed to have happened at
some point in the past.

Declarative sentences in the past indicative

For example:
“Verne left his house and headed to the airport.” (past simple tense)
“We had lived in Singapore for three years before returning to America.” (past perfect tense)
“She was looking online for a solution to her homework problem.” (past continuous tense)
“I had been studying philosophy at the time, but my real interest was in Japanese literature.” (past
perfect continuous tense)

Interrogative sentences in the past indicative

Interrogative sentences in the past indicative may use the to inquire about a past action or event.
For example:
“Did you finish the movie without me?” (past simple tense)
“Had the candidate successfully completed the internship at the time?” (past perfect tense)
“Where were they training for their race?” (past continuous tense)
“Who had she been spending her time with when all this happened?” (past perfect continuous tense)
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Future indicative
The future indicative describes things that will happen or things that it is believed will happen. The
future tense in English is not a unique verb inflection (in comparison to the present and past tenses), but
is approximated using the form will or be going to + the main verb.

Declarative sentences in the future indicative

For example:
“I will try to be more patient with children.” (future simple tense)
“Eugene is going to compete in a skiing competition next week.” (future continuous tense)

Interrogative sentences in the future indicative

Interrogative sentences in the future indicative use the future tense to inquire about a future action or
event. For example:
“Will they arrive on time?” (future simple tense)
“What are you going to write about for your thesis?” (future continuous tense)

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