Potentiality of Sago Palm

(Cycas Revoluta) Leaf Extract as an

Alternative Rodenticide in Wistar Rats
Researchers:
Meiko B. Desantores
Bea Nuñez
Shayne F. Montante
Chapter 1:
1.1 Background of the study:
Anticoagulant compounds are generally effective against most rodents
species like zinc phosphide which is available as paste, bait pellets,
granules, dust and tracking powder formulations (Prabhakar et al.,
2019), it is becoming a standard to compare with newly developed
rodenticides. Various alternatives like natural extracts should be
considered as rodenticides. Therefore, the use of plant natural extracts
as a rat repellent practice may be an improved alternative approach.
Various natural extracts are experimented on different rat species in a
behavioral mode of study.Sago palm (cycas revoluta) can be one of the
alternatives that can be used as rodenticides. The extract of Cycas
revoluta leaves appear to be potentially useful for reducing the rat
infestation problems in our country. Therefore, this work aimed to
evaluate the effectiveness of cycas revoluta leaf extract as a new
alternative substitute rodenticide.
Chapter 2:

1.2 Statement of the Problem:

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of cycas revoluta as a
potential alternative rodenticide. Partially this study seeks answers the
following:
1.Does sago palm (cycas revoluta) have the potential ability to kill
rodents such as rats?
2.Is there any toxic effects of sago palm (cycas revoluta) leaf extract
on the body weight of Wistar rats?

1.3 Hypothesis of the Study

Ho. There is no significant difference between cycas revoluta and the
commercial one as a rodent control agent.
Ha. There is a significant difference between cycas revoluta and the
commercial one as a rodent control agent.
1.4 Research Objectives:

1.To determine the effectiveness of sago palm (cycas revoluta) and to promote a study that can assist a new viable rodenticide alternative.
2.To assess effects of economic problems caused by rodents in this dynamic environment.
3.To evaluate rat infestations and to reduce massive rat population.
1.5 Significance of the study

This study is significant in determining whether cycas revoluta is a viable rodenticide alternative. Furthermore, if this is certainly beneficial, it
can be used to develop a product that is both environmentally friendly and efficient. If this product provides the solution to our difficulties a
product that is long-lasting in the industry this may aid in the resolution of economic concerns and health complications caused by rodents,
such as plague, which is currently afflicting the majority of most countries.
1.6 Scope and Limitations
The scope of this study will be limited on exploring Cycas revoluta's potential as a viable rodenticide alternative. The purpose of
the study is to create an effective rodenticide substitute using Cycas revoluta and its essential parts. The experiment will take
place in Barangay Agay 1 in the municipality of Remedios Trinidad Romualdez , which will only have access to the specified plant.
Chapter 3:

3. 1 Materials and Methods:

This research purposely addresses the problem of rat infestation
and create a possible alternative rodenticide using sago palm
leaves. Thus the methylazoxyglycoside activity of sago palm (cycas
revoluta) follows the following procedure:

The plant material used for this experiment was Cycas revoluta, the
leaves of Cycas Revoluta (sago palm), will be collected by a local
supplier of Remedios Trinidad Romualdes, Agusan del Norte.
Sago palm (Cycas Revoluta)
3.2 Experimental Setup:
The rat was randomly allocated to 3 treatments; individually
treatment was replicated once in a specific design. The treatments
were:
Control (SRF-100g); 15% cycas revoluta Leaf powder-LP (15g to
85g of SRF); 30% cycas revoluta LP (30g to 70g of SRF); 45%
cycas revoluta LP (45g to 55g of SRF).
The body weight of the rat was taken with a weighing scale on day
1 of the experiment and were repeated weekly for two weeks to
assess the weight gain/loss. The percentage daily feed intake of
rats was also determined during the experimental period using the
formula: according to Olajumoke O. Fayinminnu (2022)
Observations on treatments toxicity were made on
behavioural patterns of the rats during feeding. These
include loss of appetite, tremor, convulsion, vomiting,
weight loss/ gain, paralysis (Fayinminnu et al., 2017).

3.3 Statistical Analysis:

Data were analyzed using T-Test, while means were
separated using Least Significant Difference (LSD) at
p<0.05 probability level.
Chapter 4:
Results and Discussion
4.2 Variable Cycas Revoluta inclusion treatments' toxic effects on Wistar rats' feed intake

LEAF POWDER

90
Food Intake In Grams

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
Series1

0% 15% 30% 45% commercial

 4.3 Effects of Cycas Revoluta Treatments on Body
Weight of Wistar Rats

Leaf Powder
Body Weight In Grams

25

20.9
20 20
19 19.4
18.7
18.4 18.7
18.1 17.8 17.8
17 17.3 17.1
16.4 16.8
16.3
15 15

10

0 0 0
Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6

constant 15% 30% 45% commercial

4.4 Statystical Analysis Using T-Table
Chapter 5:

5.3 Conclusion
The Sago palm (cycas revoluta) plant extract can be found within
Agusan del Norte. The sago palm ( cycas revoluta ) is tested to
determine its efficacy as an alternative rodenticide. Based on the
results of the experiment, the null hypothesis is rejected because The
p-value for 73.4 is 0.024546098, so the test statistic is significant at
that level. Researchers have concluded that the alternative hypothesis
is accepted and is 100% effective to kill rodents such as rats. The
results also showed a comparison if the effects of the plant extract on
the rats that were tested as in alternative rodenticide with those of a
commercially available products.
5.4 Recommendations
Based on the study's conclusion, the following recommendations are made by the researcher to improve the research
- Researchers in the future can enhance the project by compiling sufficient
knowledge and data from numerous reliable sources.

- The study's advocate gathering reliable information regarding the best ways to preserve the natural rodenticide from being harmful or
becoming contaminated a few days later.
- Natural products are chosen over chemical-based products because they do not include chemicals
and pollutants that are harmful to human health and the environment.
- As the researcher expects a greater use of natural goods and less chemicals in rat control to lessen harm to the entire
environment, the researcher used existing knowledge and information to build this nontoxic solution. And most important of all, a safe
environment free from the risks that rats pose for all of humanity. Future inventors will be better able to expand on the research's
concepts. The researcher advises planning and implementing change with a good vision that can benefit everyone as a result.
- As the researcher expects a greater use of natural goods and less chemicals in rat control to lessen harm to the entire
environment, the researcher used existing knowledge and information to build this nontoxic solution. And most important of all, a safe
environment free from the risks that rats pose for all of humanity. Future inventors will be better able to expand on the research's
concepts. The researcher advises planning and implementing change with a good vision that can benefit everyone as a result.