FUNCTIONS

WHAT TO EXPECT?
- Determine Functions and Relations
- Illustrate Functions through MAPPING DIAGRAM,
SETS, GRAPHS AND EQUATIONS
- Represent real-life situations using functions including
Piecewise Functions
RELATION
- Any set of ordered pairs
- It is an association or pairing of some kind between two sets of
quantities or information

FUNCTION
- is a well-defined relation where no two pairs have the same first
element.
- a set of ordered pairs such that no two ordered pairs have the same
x-value (DOMAIN) but different y-value (RANGE)
f = { (1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 5), (4, 7) }
RELATION
DOMAIN: { 1, 2, 3, 4 } AND
RANGE: { 2, 3, 5, 7 }
FUNCTION

h = { (1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6), (3, 7) }

DOMAIN: { 1, 1, 2, 2, 3 }
RELATION BUT
RANGE: { 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 } NOT A FUNCTION
5 WAYS TO REFPRESENT A FUNCTION

1. Function and Relations as a set of Ordered Pairs

2. Function and Relations as Table of Values
3. Functions and Relations as a Mapping Diagram
4. Functions as a Graph in the Cartesian Plane
5. Functions and Relations as an Equation
1. Functions and Relations as an Ordered Pairs
{ (2,3), (4,5), (5,6), (6,7) }

FUNCTION
{ (3,3), (4,5), (5,5), (5,4) }
NOT A
FUNCTION
2. Functions and Relations as Table of Values
x -2 -1 3 6 Schools No. of
(x) Delegates
f(x) -2 -2 6 7 (y)
CNHS 32
FUNCTION SJNHS 10
SSIS 15
SGNHS 10
WNHS 25

FUNCTION
2. Functions and Relations as an Ordered Pairs

x y
-2 -4 x -2 -2 -1 -1 0 1
-1 -2 y 3 6 9 12 15 18
0 0
NOT A
1 2 FUNCTION
2 4

FUNCTION
3. Functions and Relations as Mapping Diagram

One-to-one Many-to-one One-to-Many

Correspondence Correspondence Correspondence
3. Functions and Relations as Mapping Diagram

One-to-Many
Correspondence

NOT A
FUNCTION
3. Functions and Relations as Mapping Diagram

Many-to-one
Correspondence

FUNCTION
3. Functions and Relations as Mapping Diagram

One-to-one
Correspondence

FUNCTION
4. Functions as a Graph in the Cartesian Plane
VERTICAL LINE TEST
- A graph represents a function if and only if each
vertical line intersects the graph at most once.

FUNCTION
4. Functions as a Graph in the Cartesian Plane
VERTICAL LINE TEST
- A graph represents a function if and only if each
vertical line intersects the graph at most once.

NOT A
FUNCTION
 NOT A FUNCTION FUNCTION
FUNCTION
5. Functions and Relations as an Equation

a. FUNCTION

b. FUNCTION

c. NOT A FUNCTION
FUNCTIONS IN REAL-LIFE SITUATION
Example
A person is earning Php 645.00 per day to do a certain
job. Express the total salary E as a function of the number of
days that the person work.

𝑬 ( 𝒙 )=𝟔𝟒𝟓 ( 𝒙 ) Or

A computer shop charges Php 25.00 in every hour of

computer rental. Represent your computer rental fee (F) using
the function F(h) were h is the number of hours you spent on
the computer.
𝑭 ( 𝒉 ) = 𝟐𝟓( 𝒉) Or
Example
One hundred meters of fencing is available to enclose a
rectangular area next to a river. Give a function A that can
represent the area that can be enclosed in terms of x.
Example
Squares of side x are cut from each corner of a 10in x 8in
rectangle, so that its side can be folded to make a box with no
top. Represent a function in terms of x that can be define the
volume of the box.
PIECEWISE FUNCTIONS
Problem Involving Functions
In solving problems involving functions, George
Polya identifies four basic principles of problem
solving.
1. Understand the problem: Students are often
stymied in their efforts to solve problems simply
because they don’t understand it fully or even in
part. In order to show an understanding of the
problem, you, of course, need to read the problem
carefully. Once the problem is read, you need to list
all the components and data that are involved. This
is where you will be assigning your variable.
2. Devise a plan (translate): There are many ways to
solve problems. The skill at choosing an appropriate
strategy is best learned by solving many problems.
Setting up an equation, drawing a diagram, and
making a chart are some ways you can go about
solving your problem.
3. Carry out the plan (solve): This is where you solve
the equation you came up with in your ‘devise a plan’
step.
4. Look back (check and interpret): Check if you
used all your information and that the answer makes
sense.
Example
A slice of cassava cake costs Php 30.00. However if you
buy more than 10 slices of cassava cake, it will be Php 25.00
per slice. Use a piecewise function to represent the cost in
terms of the slices of cassava cake bought.

𝟐𝟓 𝐱
𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) =¿
𝟑𝟎 𝒙
Example
A user is charged Php 500 monthly fo a particular mobile
plan, which includes 200 free text messages. Messages
excess of 200 are charged Php 1 each. Represent the monthly
cost for text messaging using the function t(m), where m is the
number of messages sent in a month.

𝟓𝟎𝟎 𝒊𝒇 𝒎 ≤ 𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝒕 ( 𝒎 )=¿
𝟓𝟎𝟎 +(𝒎 −𝟐𝟎𝟎 )
Example
A tricycle ride cost Php 15 for the first 3 km, and each
additional kilometer adds Php 10 to the fare. Use a piecewise
function to represent ths tricycle fare F in terms of the distance
k in kilometer.

𝟏𝟓 𝒊𝒇 𝒌 ≤ 𝟑
𝑭 ( 𝒌 )=¿
𝟏𝟓+ 𝟏𝟎(𝒌 − 𝟑)
 Activity
Activity 1. Write F if the given is a function and NF if it is not a
Function. Write your Answer in a separate sheet.
 Activity
Activity 2. Read each problem carefully. Represent each situation
using a function. Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.

1. A van rental charges Php 7,500.00 flat rate for a whole-day tour in
CALABARZON of 5 passengers and each additional passenger
added Php 800.00 to the tour rate. Express a piecewise function
to show the van rental (R) in terms of number of passengers (x).

2. An internet company charges Php 800.00 for the first 50 GB used

in a month. Every exceeding GB will cost Php 50.00. Use a
piecewise function to represent the cost of the monthly charges F
in terms of the number of GB (x) used.
3. A canned drink will be made using 20 in of aluminum. Let h be the
height and r be the radius of the can. Write a function in terms of r
that can represent the volume of the can.
PERFORMANCE TASK 1.
WRITE IN A SHORT BOND
PAPER. DUE ON MONDAY,
SEPT
Also
18.

e. (f+g) (2)
f. (f-g) (-1)
g. (f*g) (1/2)
h. (f/g)(3)