Sentence

Condition
Group 2
Gudmalin
Ferrando
Veroy
Pacatang
Beduya
4 Types of Conditional
Sentences
• There are four types of conditional sentences.
• It’s important to use the correct structure for each of these
different types, because they express varying meanings.
• Pay attention to verb tense when using different
conditional modes.
• Use a comma after the if-clause when the if-clause
precedes the main clause.
Conditional sentences are statements discussing known factors
or hypothetical situations and their consequences. We use
them to communicate that something is true or happens only if
something else is true or happens—that is, only under a
certain condition. Complete conditional sentences contain a
conditional clause (often referred to as the if-clause) and the
consequence.

EXAMPLES:
When water reaches 100 degrees, it boils.
I would travel around the world if I won the lottery.
Conditional sentences are statements discussing known factors
or hypothetical situations and their consequences. We use
them to communicate that something is true or happens only if
something else is true or happens—that is, only under a
certain condition. Complete conditional sentences contain a
conditional clause (often referred to as the if-clause) and the
consequence. Consider the following sentences:

EXAMPLES:
If a certain condition is true, then a particular result happens.
I would travel around the world if I won the lottery.
What are the different types of
conditional sentences?
• Zero conditional sentences
• First conditional sentences
• Second conditional sentences
• Third conditional sentences
Zero conditional sentences express general truths—situations in which one
thing always causes another. When you use a zero conditional, you’re
talking about a general truth rather than a specific instance of something.

Examples:
If you don’t brush your teeth, you get cavities.
When people smoke cigarettes, their health suffers.

There are a couple of things to take note of in the above sentences using
the zero conditional. First, when using the zero conditional, the correct
tense in both clauses is the simple present tense. A common mistake is to
use the simple future tense.

EXAMPLES:
When people smoke cigarettes, their health will suffer.
First conditional sentences are used to express situations in which the
outcome is likely (but not guaranteed) to happen in the future.
Examples:
If you rest, you will feel better.
If you set your mind to a goal, you’ll eventually achieve it.

Explanation: Use the zero conditional (simple present + simple present) only
when a certain result is guaranteed. If the result is likely, use the first
conditional (simple present + simple future).
Second conditional sentences are useful for expressing outcomes that are
completely unrealistic or will not likely happen in the future.
Examples:
If I inherited a billion dollars, I would travel to the moon.
If I owned a zoo, I might let people interact with the animals more.

Notice that the correct way to structure second conditional sentences is to

use the simple past tense in the if-clause and a modal auxiliary verb (e.g.,
could, should, would, might) in the main clause (the one that expresses the
unrealistic or unlikely outcome).
EXAMPLE:

Incorrect: If I inherit a billion dollars, I would travel to the moon.

Correct: If I inherited a billion dollars, I would travel to the moon.

Explanation: When applying the second conditional, use the simple past
tense in the if-clause.

Incorrect: If I owned a zoo, I will let people interact with the animals
more.
Correct: If I owned a zoo, I might let people interact with the animals more.

Explanation: Use a modal auxiliary verb in the main clause when using the
second conditional to express the unlikelihood that the result will actually
happen.
 Third conditional sentences are used to explain that present circumstances
would be different if something different had happened in the past.
Look at the following examples:
If you had told me you needed a ride, I would have left earlier.
If I had cleaned the house, I could have gone to the movies.

When using the third conditional, we use the past perfect (i.e., had + past
participle) in the if-clause. The modal auxiliary (would, could, should, etc.) + have
+ past participle in the main clause expresses the theoretical situation that
could have happened.

Consider these common mistakes when applying the third conditional:

Incorrect: If you would have told me you needed a ride, I would have left
earlier.
Correct: If you had told me you needed a ride, I would have left earlier.
Explanation: With third conditional sentences, do not use a modal auxiliary verb
in the if-clause.

Incorrect: If I had cleaned the house, I could go to the movies.

Correct: If I had cleaned the house, I could have gone to the movies.

Explanation: The third conditional expresses a situation that could have

happened in the past only if a certain condition had been met. That’s why we
use the modal auxiliary verb + have + the past participle.
gggg
Sentence
Mood
What Is Mood in Grammar?
Mood is the form a verb takes to show how it is to be
regarded (e.g., as a fact, a command, a wish, an uncertainty).

There are Five moods in English:

• Indicative Mood
• Imperative Mood
• Interrogative Mood
• Conditional Mood:
• Subjunctive Mood
• The Indicative Mood. The indicative mood states a fact or asks a question.
For example:
⚬ The sky is blue.
⚬ Why is the sky blue?

• The Imperative Mood. The imperative mood expresses an order. For

example:
⚬ Make your bed.
⚬ Go away!

• Interrogative Mood This mood is used to express a sense of uncertainty by

asking a question. The question contains an auxiliary verb (helping verb)
and then a main verb.
• Examples:
• Are you coming to the summer camp?
• Where have the children gone?
 • Conditional Mood This mood is used to express a condition statement. The
sentence contains an auxiliary verb (helping verb) that supports a main verb.
Examples:
• If you want to visit your friends, you should study now.
• If I traveled to Orlando, I would visit Disney World.

• Subjunctive Mood. The subjunctive mood shows a wish, a suggestion, a

doubt, a demand, or condition contrary to fact. For example:
Examples:
- If I were in her situation, I would never drive. (Expresses a hypothetical
situation)
- My mother demanded he prepare the luggage. (Expresses a demand)
The verbs in the past, present, and future in the subjunctive mood will be in the
simplest form of verbs like what you see in the dictionary "the base form of verbs,"
such as write, dance, search, etc... When describing a wish or an impossible event,
always use were instead of was.
Sentence
Structure
CLAUSE AND KINDS
OF SENTENCES
• A clause is a group of words that may contain a subject
and a predicate, and use as a part of a sentence.
• Independent
• Dependent

Independent Clause (Main Clause) - is a clause that can

stand alone because its meaning is complete.
Examples:
Although it was raining, I left the house early.
The machine that we saw belongs to Mr. Ruiz.
Dependent Clause (Subordinate Clause) – is a clause that
cannot stand by itself because of its incomplete
meaning.

Adjective Clause – modifies a noun or a pronoun by telling

what kind or which one.
Examples:
The man, who saw the incident, refused to testify.
He took the advice that completely changed his life.

Adverb Clause – modifies an adjective, a verb, and

another adverb.
Examples:
She stopped as if she were fainting.
The Congress adjourned when the bill was passed.
KINDS OF SENTENCES
SIMPLE SENTENCE
a. May have one subject and one verb
• My car stalled three times last week.
b. May have more than one subject
• Malou and Boots went home together.
c. May have more than one verb
• The children smiled and waved at us.
d. May have several subjects or verbs
• Manny, Tom, and Jack lubricated my car, replaced
the oil filter, and cleaned the spark plugs
COMPOUND SENTENCE – is made up of two or more
simple sentences. The two complete statements in a
compound sentence are usually connected by a comma
plus a coordinator (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so).
Examples:
The rain increased, so the officials cancelled the game.
Martha wanted to go shopping, but Fred refused to drive
he

COMPLEX SENTENCE – is made up of a simple

sentence, and a clause that begins with a subordinator.
Example:
I checked my money before I invited Tom for lunch.
I love you because you are beautiful inside and out
COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE – is made up of two
or more simple sentences, and one or more
subordinating (dependent) clause.
Examples:
When the power line snapped, Jack was listening to the stereo,
and Linda was reading in bed.

COMPLEX SENTENCE – is made up of a simple

sentence, and a clause that begins with a subordinator.
Example:
I checked my money before I invited Tom for lunch.
I love you because you are beautiful inside and out
COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE – is made up of two
or more simple sentences, and one or more
subordinating (dependent) clause.
Examples:
When the power line snapped, Jack was listening to the stereo,
and Linda was reading in bed.

COMPLEX SENTENCE – is made up of a simple

sentence, and a clause that begins with a subordinator.
Example:
I checked my money before I invited Tom for lunch.
I love you because you are beautiful inside and out
End.