Effects of exercise on the

cardiovascular system
The main organ of cardiovascular system is heart.
The heart acts as pump and transport blood to various body parts through blood vessels
The network of blood vessels –arteries, capillaries and veins spread through out the body
Arteries carry oxygenated blood from the heart and are divided into smaller branches called
capillaries
 AFTER USE IN THE SYSTEM THE IMPURE
BLOOD(DEOXYGENATED BLOOD) IS PASSED ON TO THE
VEINS
 THE VEINS CARRY THIS IMPURE BLOOD TO THE HEART
WHICH IS SENT TO THE LUNGS FOR PURIFICATION
 MAIN TWO FUNCTIONS PERFORMED BY HEART
 1. IT CIRCULATES PURE BLOOD TO ALL BODY PARTS
THIS IS CALLEDSYSTEMIC CIRCULATION
 IT CIRCULATES IMPURE BLOOD (DEOXYGENATED
BLOOD) TO THE LUNGS FOR
PURIFICATION.THISCIRCULATION IS CALLED
PULMONARY CIRCULATION.
the circulatory system
Heart chambers and direction of flow
 BLOOD PRESSURE--- BLOOD PRESSURE IS THE PRESSURE EXERTED BY THE BLOOD ON
THE WALLS OF THE BLOOD VESSELS
 THIS IS CAUSED DUE BY THE PUMPING ACTION OF THE HEART AND IS A NECESSARY
PROCESS FOR THE FLOW OF BLOOD
 BLOOD PRESSURE ISS OF THREE TYPES---
 SYSTOLIC BLOD PRESSURE – MAXIMUM PRESSURE DURING THE SYSTOLE OR
CONTRATION
 DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE – MINIMUM PRESSURE DURING DIASTOLE OR
RELAXATION
 PULSE PRESSURE – IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC BLOOD
PRESSURE
 SYSTOLE , DIASTOLE AND PULSE--- THE TERM SYSTOLE REFERS TO THE
CONTRACTION OF THE HEART AND DIASTOLE MEANS THE RELAXATION OF THE
HEART.
 THE PERIOD OF CONTRACTION IS SHORTAR THAN THE RELAXATION PERIOD
 PULSE RATE---PULSE RATE MEANS THE LENTHENING OF THE WALLS OF THE ARTERIES
DURING CONTRACTION AND RELAXATION OF THE HEART DUE TO PRESSURE
CHANGES.AS A RESULT OF CONTRACTION OF THE HEART SDDEN DIKATION OF THE
AORTA TAKES PLACE TO ACCOMMODATE THE PRESSURE OF BLOOD THIS PRESSURE IS
TRANSMITTED IN THE FORM OF A WAVE THROUGHT THE ARTERIES. THIS WAVE IS
TERMED AS PULSE RATE.
 THE NUMBER OF PULSE BEATS (ALSO KNOWN AS HEART BEATS)PER UNIT OF TIME IS
CALLED PULSE RATE
 THE PULSE RATE CAN BE TAKEN AT THE WRIST AND NECK.
 STOKE VOLUME---STROKE VOLUME IS DEFINED AS THE AMOUNT OF BLOOD PUMPED
OUT BY THE HEART INTO THE MAIN ARTERY i.e. THE AROTA IN ONE CONTRACTION OR
THE STROKE OF THE LEFT VENTRICAL.
 STROKE VOLUME WITH THE INCREASE IN FORCE OF CONTRACTION OF HEART.

 CARDIAC OUTPUT--- IT IS THE AMOUNT OF BLOOD PUMPED OUT BY EACH VENTRICAL

INTO CIRCULATION PER MINUTE
 THIS OUT PUT INCREASES WHILE PERFORMING EXERCISE.