JUMPING

EVENTS
Group 2 | 2nd Year | PE 3
FOUR TYPES OF JUMPING EVENTS :

 High Jump Events

 Long Jump Events
 Triple Jump Events
 Pole Vault Events
 HIGH JUMP EVENTS :
 High jump is a track and field event in which
athletes compete to jump over a horizontal bar
placed at various heights without knocking it
down. It's a test of an athlete's ability to clear the
bar at progressively higher heights using various
jumping techniques, such as the straddle, fosbury
flop, or scissors.
The history of the high jump can be traced back to ancient Greece, where it was part of the pentathlon in the ancient Olympic Games. In these early competitions, athletes used
a technique called the "scissors jump," where they crossed their legs over the bar. Over time, different techniques emerged:

1. Scissors Jump: This was the initial technique, which evolved into a variant called the "Eastern cut-off" in the 19th century.

2. Western Roll: In the late 19th century, the "Western roll" technique was introduced. It involved a more sideways approach, with the athlete clearing the bar headfirst.
 3. Straddle Technique: In the early 20th century, the "straddle
technique" became popular. Athletes would clear the bar facing
upwards, with their body parallel to the bar.

4. Fosbury Flop: The most significant innovation came in the

1960s with the "Fosbury Flop," named after American high jumper
Dick Fosbury. This technique involved going over the bar headfirst
while arching the back, revolutionizing the event.

The Fosbury Flop quickly became the dominant technique, and it's
still widely used today. High jumpers continue to refine their
approach, takeoff, and clearance techniques to reach greater
heights, with world records steadily advancing over the years.
 LONG JUMP EVENTS :
 Long jump is a track and field event where athletes
sprint down a runway and jump as far as they can into
a sandpit. It's a combination of speed, technique, and
power, with the goal of jumping the farthest distance
possible. Athletes use a takeoff board to initiate their
jump, and their mark is measured from the closest
edge of the landing pit to the takeoff point. It's an
exciting and highly competitive event in both amateur
and professional athletics.
 The long jump is a track and field event with a rich history
dating back to ancient Greece. It was part of the ancient
Olympic Games, where athletes used weights called "halteres"
for added momentum. During the early modern Olympics in
the late 19th century, the event evolved, and jumping into a
sand pit became the standard.

Notable milestones in the history of the long jump include:

1. Ancient Greece: The origins of the long jump can be traced

back to ancient Greece, where it was known as the "halma."
Athletes would use weights for propulsion.
 2. Modern Olympics: The long jump was included in the
modern Olympic Games starting in 1896 for men and 1948 for
women. Techniques and equipment continued to evolve.

3. Jesse Owens: At the 1936 Berlin Olympics, Jesse Owens set

a world record in the long jump, jumping 8.06 meters (26 feet
5 inches), a record that stood for 25 years.

4. Bob Beamon: At the 1968 Mexico City Olympics, Bob

Beamon stunned the world with a historic long jump of 8.90
meters (29 feet 2½ inches), a record that remained unbroken
for 23 years.
 5. Carl Lewis: Carl Lewis, an American athlete, dominated the long jump during the 1980s and 1990s, winning four consecutive Olympic gold medals from 1984 to 1996.

6. Women's Long Jump: The women's long jump was introduced to the Olympics in 1948, and legendary athletes like Jackie Joyner-Kersee and Heike Drechsler have left their
mark on the event.

7. Evolution of Techniques: Over time, athletes have developed different techniques, such as the "hang," "straddle," and "Fosbury Flop," to maximize their jumping distances.
 The long jump has continued to be a popular and exciting event in track and field, with athletes
continually pushing the boundaries of human performance. It remains an integral part of both Olympic
and non-Olympic competitions worldwide.
 TRIPLE JUMP EVENTS :
 Triple jump is a track and field event that
involves three consecutive jumps: the hop, the
step, and the jump into a sandpit. The objective is
to jump as far as possible while following specific
rules:
  Hop:The athlete starts with a hop on one foot,
followed by a step on the same foot.

 Step:After the hop, the athlete takes a step on the

other foot.

 Jump:Finally, the athlete jumps off the last foot,

attempting to land in the sandpit without falling
backward.
The distance is measured from the takeoff point to
the nearest mark made in the sand by any part of
the athlete's body. Triple jump requires a
combination of speed, technique, and coordination,
making it a challenging and exciting event in
athletics. It's part of both men's and women's track
and field competitions.
 The triple jump, also known as the hop, step, and jump, has a
rich history in track and field athletics. Here's a brief overview
of its historical development:

1. Ancient Origins: The triple jump can trace its roots back to
the ancient Olympics in Greece, where it was part of the
pentathlon. Back then, the event was called the "hop, skip, and
jump." Athletes used a different technique, essentially
combining a hop, a step, and a jump into a single bound.

2. Modernization: The event evolved over time, and in the

19th century, athletes began to separate the phases, refining
the techniques for each. The triple jump as we know it today
started taking shape.
 3. Inclusion in Modern Olympics: The triple jump was included in the
modern Olympic Games from their inception in 1896 for men and later
for women. The techniques continued to evolve, with athletes improving
their skills and distances over the years.

4. Evolution of Techniques: Throughout the 20th century, athletes

developed various techniques, with the "Hop-Step-Jump" being the
standard. In the 1970s and 1980s, the "Running Hop-Step-Jump"
technique gained popularity, allowing athletes to generate more speed
and distance.

5. World Records: Over the years, numerous athletes have set world
records in the triple jump, with notable names like Jonathan Edwards
and Willie Banks achieving remarkable distances.
6. Rule Changes: The rules governing the triple jump have
evolved to ensure fair competition and safety for athletes.
These changes have affected take-off board placement, hop
and step phase techniques, and other aspects of the event.

The triple jump remains an exciting and challenging event in

track and field, with athletes continually pushing the
boundaries of what's physically possible. It combines
athleticism, technique, and precision to produce impressive
results on the track.
 POLE VAULT EVENTS :
 Pole vault is a track and field event in which
athletes use a long, flexible pole to propel
themselves over a bar. The goal is to clear the bar
at the highest possible height without knocking it
down. It's a challenging and exciting event that
requires a combination of strength, speed,
technique, and agility.
The history of pole vault can be traced back over 3,000 years
to ancient civilizations. Here's a brief overview:

1. Ancient Roots: Pole vaulting has its origins in ancient

Greece, where it was part of the pentathlon in the ancient
Olympic Games around 776 BC. Initially, athletes used a
straight pole made of wood or bamboo to clear a bar.

2. Evolution of Poles: The use of flexible poles, typically

made of bamboo, became common in the 19th century. This
innovation allowed athletes to vault higher by using the pole's
bending energy to propel themselves over the bar.
3. Competitive Sport: Pole vaulting gained popularity as a competitive sport in the 19th century, particularly in Europe. Rules and techniques were standardized, and competitions became more organized.

4. World Records: The evolution of pole technology and training techniques led to continuous improvements in records. Notable pole vaulters like Sergey Bubka and Renaud Lavillenie have set numerous
world records.

5. Inclusion in Modern Olympics: Pole vault has been a part of the modern Olympic Games since their inception in 1896 for men and 2000 for women. It has since become one of the most thrilling track
and field events.
 6. Technological Advancements: Modern poles are typically
made of materials like fiberglass or carbon fiber, making them
both lightweight and strong. This has allowed athletes to reach
unprecedented heights.

7. Contemporary Pole Vaulting: Today, pole vaulting is a

highly technical and specialized sport. Athletes use custom-
made poles, and training involves a combination of strength,
speed, and technique to clear the bar at ever-increasing
heights.

Throughout its long history, pole vault has evolved from a

simple athletic challenge to a highly technical and exciting
sport, captivating audiences around the world.
That's all thank you
for listening
 QUIZ
TIME!!!!!!!!!