Manual Transmission

29 September 2023
Learning Objectives:
1. Describe the purpose of the transmission in the vehicle
2. Describe the relationship between gears and torque
3. Understand gear fundamental and calculate gear ratios
4. Understand the rotation working flow in the manual transmission
Why we need a transmission in the vehicle??
A transmission in the vehicle have the
purposes to
1. Change the vehicle’s drive wheel speed
and torque in relation to the user need.
2. Be able to increase the torque to the
drive wheels for quick acceleration
3. Supply different gear ratios to match
load condition and also provide a
reverse gear.
4. Provide an easy means of the shifting
gears.
How it works??

Gears Fundamental
1. Gears are discs with teeth machined on their
perimeters (rims)
2. They transmit turning effort from one shaft to
another
3. When gears are in different size, output speed and
torque change
Gear Ratio and its purposes
1. Calculated by dividing the
number of teeth on the driven
gear by the number of teeth on
the drive gear.
2. Gear ratio

Example:
If the drive gear has 12 teeth and the driven gear has 36 teeth, how big the gear
ratio?
Gear ratio
More example about gear ratio
Input 9 teeth
9÷9=1
Input 9 teeth Direct Ratio = 1:1

Output 12 teeth 12 ÷ 8 = 1.5

Reduction Ratio = 1.5:1
Input 8 teeth

Output 8 teeth
8 ÷ 12 = 0.66
Overdrive Ratio = 0.66:1
Input 12 teeth
Rotation Working in the manual transmission
Working flow
1. Rotation comes from the
input shaft
2. Then, it will be
transferred to the counter
shaft
3. Furthermore, it will be
continued to the output
shaft when the counter
gear and output gear are
connected each other.
Output shaft construction
A glimpse about Synchronizer
THANK YOU
….