Alliance for Energy Efficiency and Renewables

(AEER)
ABOUT AEER
The Alliance for Energy Efficiency and Renewables (AEER) is a Moldovan NGO
founded on May 14, 2007 as a follow-up of USAID-funded Municipal Network for
Energy Efficiency Program(MUNEE), implemented in the Republic of Moldova
during 2001-2007.

GOAL
Contribute to the promotion of policies and best practices in the field of energy
efficiency (EE), renewable energy (RES), climate and environment.

GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE

Republic of Moldova, countries of the Eastern European Partnership.

 Alliance for Energy Efficiency and Renewables
(AEER)
AREAS OF EXPERTISE

•Close cooperation with the Government on approximation of EU directives,

elaboration of legal and regulatory framework on EE and RES;
•Municipal energy management and planning, elaboration of Sustainable Action Plans
for Energy and Climate;
•Promoting innovative financing schemes and business models for developing the EE
and RES market;
•Elaboration of feasibility studies;
•Implementation of demonstration projects;
•Project management;
•Energy auditing;
•Business Planning;
•Capacity Building;
•Public Awareness including education events, study tours, Energy Days, public
events;
•Energy and climate consulting.
COVENANT of MAYORS

88 semnatari (65 activi, 23 suspendați)

● 35 Planuri de acțiune privind energia durabilă (și clima) - PAED(C)

● 970 milioane euro total investiții planificate (începând cu 1 aprilie 2020)

● 7 rapoarte de monitorizare

● 2 Coordonatori Naționali din cadrul Convenției (ME, MM), 2 Suporteri ai

Convenției (AEER+CALM)
Unlocking the Potential of Hydrogen

HYDROGEN FUEL: A
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
SOLUTION
PIOTR COMAROV,
ALLIANCE FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND
RENEWABLES (AEER)
 CURRENT ENERGY LANDSCAPE

50 billion м3/year
of CO2 eq.
 blogs.worldbank.org

Hydrogen's potential to accelerate the energy

transition is unprecedented. “Clean” hydrogen,
i.e. Hydrogen produced using renewable energy
or processes with low greenhouse gas emissions,
has been hailed as a potential game-changer
Hydrogen can be used as an alternative to fossi
l fuels, like coal or natural gas, or to make amm
onia—a key component of synthetic fertilizers.

Replacement of Traditional Sources: Technology Efficiency

Effective reduction of greenhouse
gas emissions also depends on the
Efficient hydrogen utilization
extent to which traditional energy
technologies, such as hydrogen fuel
sources are replaced with hydrogen.
cells, can help reduce greenhouse
The more sectors, such as
gas emissions, especially in sectors
transportation, industry, and
where high-emission alternatives
electricity generation, transition to
are currently in use."
hydrogen, the greater the reduction
in emissions.
 HYDROGEN AS
A UNIVERSAL ENERGY CARRIER

Versatility: High Efficiency: Grid Stabilization:

Hydrogen is a versatile Hydrogen-powered fuel Multi-capacity generation

energy carrier suitable for cells can generate plants using hydrogen can
various industries, electricity with higher stabilize power distribution
including transport, power efficiency than traditional networks, essential for
generation, and industrial power plants, reducing intermittent renewable
processes. energy loss. energy sources like wind
and solar.
 Key Considerations
WHY HYDROGEN?

HYDROGEN AS A DECARBONIZATION, ENERGY STORAGE INDUSTRIAL TRANSPORT

UNIVERSAL ENERGY CLIMATE CHANGE APPLICATION REVOLUTION
CARRIER MITIGATION, AND
HEALTH IMPACTS

Prioritizing clean and sustainable hydrogen sources

and continuous technology advancements are
essential for maximizing health benefits
 Hydrogen's versatility and unique
properties make it an ideal energy carrier.

•Applications: Transport, electricity, industry, and heating.

•Replacing fossil fuels.
•High-efficiency power generation.
•Grid stability and renewable energy integration.

Hydrogen - key to our sustainable energy future.

 Environmental benefits

•Reduced Greenhouse Gas Emissions

•Hydrogen production from renewables drastically reduces CO2 emissions
compared to fossil fuels.
•Mitigating climate change can lessen health impacts related to extreme
heat, natural disasters, and vector-borne diseases like malaria.
• Aligns with state goals for decarbonization and climate change mitigation
 Health Benefits

Clean Air
• Hydrogen in fuel cells for power generation produces only water vapor.
• Vehicles and stationary systems using hydrogen emit no harmful air
pollutants, improving urban air quality and reducing respiratory illnesses.
• Indoor Air Quality
• Hydrogen fuel cells for backup or primary power in buildings do not release
indoor air pollutants like carbon monoxide (CO).
• Enhances indoor air quality, benefiting occupants' health.
 Additional Benefits
Noise Hydrogen-powered vehicles are quieter than traditional internal
Reduction combustion engine vehicles.

In regions with limited access to reliable electricity, hydrogen energy

Energy
systems offer clean and sustainable power sources for essential services
Access
like medical facilities, improving healthcare quality and outcomes.

Hydrogen fuel cells can be used in emergency response vehicles,

Emergency
ensuring eco-friendly and reliable electricity supply for critical medical
Response
equipment and field hospitals during disasters or emergencies.
 ENERGY STORAGE
•Grid Stability: Hydrogen's large-scale storage capability helps balance
intermittent renewable energy sources, ensuring reliable and sustainable
energy supply.

•Energy Density: Hydrogen offers high energy density per weight, making it
valuable for applications with weight constraints.

•Innovative Storage Methods: Modern storage methods include LOHCs,

metal hydrides, carbon nanotubes, nanomaterials, cryogenic storage, salt
caves, advanced compressed hydrogen, chemical hydrides, sorbent-based
systems, transport vessels, and underground storage.
 HYDROGEN NEEDS TO GET CLEANER

Currently, about 98 % of all hydrogen is produced using natural gas and coal–
resulting in carbon emissions about 3 % of the world’s total CO2 emissions.

To meet the Paris Agreement targets, hydrogen production needs to be

decarbonized, and hydrogen produced from renewables is the most promising
option, to be supplemented with low-carbon hydrogen.

Moreover, total hydrogen demand needs to increase fivefold between now and
2050. To be on this pathway, the installed production capacity for green
hydrogen needs to increase 75-fold between now and 2030.
 Importance of a Comprehensive Roadmap

- Developing a comprehensive roadmap for the energy transition is

crucial.

- Inclusion of hydrogen as a central component is vital.

- States must align policies, rules, and incentives to facilitate

hydrogen integration into their energy systems.
 Key Stages and Considerations

•Stage 1: Assessment and Planning (1-2 years)

• Evaluate the current energy landscape.
• Develop legislation and regulatory frameworks.
• Collaboration with stakeholders.
• Assess renewable energy resources.

•Stage 2: Research and Development (2-5 years)

• Invest in R&D for hydrogen technologies.
• Implement demonstration projects.

•Stage 3: Infrastructure Development (5-10 years)

• Establish hydrogen production capacity.
• Upgrade transportation and distribution infrastructure.
 Key Stages and Considerations

•Stage 4: Market Deployment (10-20 years)

• Create market incentives.
• Expand hydrogen production.
• Incorporate hydrogen-ready infrastructure.

•Stage 5: Integration and Optimization (20+ years)

• Integrate hydrogen into existing energy systems.
• Realize economic and environmental benefits.
• International collaboration.
• Education and training.
• Monitoring and reporting.
 Why Moldova should develop hydrogen energy:

•Environmental Sustainability: Hydrogen can serve as a clean and low-emission energy source,
helping Moldova reduce its carbon footprint and combat climate change.

•Energy Security: Developing hydrogen energy diversifies Moldova's energy sources, reducing
dependence on imports and enhancing energy security.

•Economic Growth: The hydrogen sector can create jobs, attract investments, and stimulate economic
growth in Moldova.

•Technological Advancement: Investing in hydrogen technologies fosters innovation and positions

Moldova as a leader in sustainable energy solutions.

•Global Trends: Many countries are embracing hydrogen as part of their energy transition, and
Moldova can benefit from this global shift towards clean energy.
 It's About Action
With the global demand for clean hydrogen set
to expand rapidly, developing countries can
prepare now and design enabling frameworks
and risk mitigation instruments.
The World Bank Group stands ready to support governments
and the private sector with investments and regulatory solutions
and developing quality project pipelines.
 THANK YOU
Piotr Comarov,
Alliance for Energy Efficiency
and Renewables (AEER)
www.aeer.md