Attitude , values and Beliefs

Beliefs , values and Attitude

 A beliefis an internal feeling that something is
true, even though that belief may be unproven or
irrational I believe that there is life after death.
 A value is a measure of the worth or importance
a person attaches to something; our values are
often reflected in the way we live our lives. I
value freedom of speech, or I value my family
 An attitude is the way a person expresses or
applies their beliefs and values, and is expressed
through words and behaviour. I hate school.
Attitudes
Attitudes as a learned tendency to
evaluate things in a certain way. This can
include evaluations of people, issues,
objects or events. Such evaluations are
often positive or negative, but they can
also be uncertain at times.
How Do Attitudes Form?
Attitudes form directly as a result of
experiences. They may emerge due to
direct personal experience, or they may
result from observation. Social roles and
social norms can have a strong influence
on attitudes. Social roles relate to how
people are expected to behave in a
particular role or context. Social norms
involve society's rules for what
behaviours are considered appropriate.
Components of Attitude
Cognitive
Emotional
Behavioural

Cognitive Your thoughts and beliefs about the

subject.
Attitudes can be Based on Beliefs Emotional How
the object, person, issue or event makes you feel.
Attitudes Based on Feelings Behavioural How the
attitude influences your behaviour.
How do one learn attitudes?
Classical conditioning Influences your
attitude toward a particular product. In a
television commercial, you see young,
beautiful people having fun in on a
tropical beach while enjoying a sport
drink. This attractive and appealing
imagery causes you to develop a positive
association with this.
How do one learn attitudes?
Operant conditioning Imagine a young
man who has just started smoking.
Whenever he lights up a cigarette, people
complain and ask him to leave their
vicinity. This negative feedback from
those around him eventually causes him
to develop an unfavourable opinion of
smoking and he decides to give up the
habit.
How do one learn attitudes?
observing the people around: When
someone you admire greatly espouses a
particular attitude, you are more likely to
develop the same beliefs. Children spend
a great deal of time observing the attitudes
of their parents and usually begin to
demonstrate similar outlooks.
Attitude can be changed
1. Learning Theory of Attitude Change

2.ElaborationLikelihood Theory of
Attitude Change

3. Dissonance Theory of Attitude Change

1. Learning Theory of Attitude Change
Classical conditioning can be used to
create positive emotional reactions to an
object, person or event by associating
positive feelings with the target object.
Operant conditioning can be used to
strengthen desirable attitudes and weaken
undesirable ones. People can also change
their attitudes after observing the
behaviour of others
2.Elaboration Likelihood Theory of
Attitude Change
This theory of persuasion suggests that
people can alter their attitudes in two
ways.
1. They can be motivated to listen and
think about the message, thus leading to
an attitude shift.
2.They might be influenced by
characteristics of the speaker, leading to a
temporary or surface shift in attitude.
Dissonance Theory of Attitude Change
 People can also change their attitudes
when they have conflicting beliefs about a
topic. In order to reduce the tension
created by these incompatible beliefs,
people often shift their attitudes.
Messages that are thought-provoking and that appeal to
logic are more likely to lead to permanent changes in
attitudes.
Values
What are values?
Values are the guiding principles of life
that contribute to the all round
development of an Individual.
Values are the deeply held beliefs.
Values are the deeply held beliefs about
what is good, right, and appropriate.
Individual’s values may be derived from
the society, religion.
Values promote self development
Any human activity, thought or idea,
feeling, sentiment or emotion, which
promotes self development of an
individual, constitutes a value.
The five human values can be found in all
cultures, all societies and in all religions.

Truth is what we speak

Right Conduct is what we practise
Love is what we live
Peace is what we give
Non-violence is the fruit.
The need of values:
1. To guide the human beings in the right
path, to inculcate the concept of ‘universal
brotherhood’ and to achieve the absolute
values of Truth, Goodness and Beauty.
The need of values:
2. To give direction and firmness to life
and bring joy, satisfaction and peace, of
life, to preserve our culture and heritage
and to develop morality and character.
The need of values:
3. Tobring the behavioural changes
towards positivism.

4. To promote the peace and harmony in

the individuals and in the society.

5. Tobring quality of life and sustainable

development in the society
Value Education
The Need of the Hour Education is a
powerful and pervasive agent for all
round development and social
transformation. This alone can sustain
culture and civilization.
Beliefs
Beliefs
The most basic dimension
of organisational behaviour, a belief is
your assumed truth, ie a psychological
state in which an individual holds a
proposition to be true. ... Beliefs are
fundamental positions rooted deep within
our being.
How do beliefs affect behavior?
Your beliefs influence other
people's behavior. Your beliefs can shape
your reality not only by influencing your
own behavior, but also by influencing
other people's behavior, from close
relationship partners to complete strangers
What are some examples of core
beliefs?
I am bad. (I can't do anything right.)
I am smart. ...
I am unlovable. ...
People are untrustworthy. ...
The world is dangerous/not safe.
What factors shape beliefs?
culture. a combination of beliefs, customs,
practices and social behaviours of a
particular group of people. ...
language. common language units people. ...
religion and spirituality. ...
environment and relationship to the land
gender
media
ideology.
Thank You