NATIONALISM

(Chapter Two)

Noor Ali Farah

Nationalism and the Emergency of Modern State?

Noor Ali Farah

 From Hegel to Hamas

What are the

fundamental features
of nationalism?

Loyalty to the Individual lives

Attachment to
nation-state depend on the fate of local traditions
the national body!!

Living and active Justifies authority

A state of mind
corporate will of the state

Noor Ali Farah

 From Hegel to Hamas
How has the definition of nationalism changed over time?
“Substantial unity is an “Hamas responds to all
absolute unmoved end in questions related to the life
itself, in which freedom of the citizens -- not only in
comes into its supreme case of confrontation but
right. On the other hand also in the political,
this final end has supreme economic, social, health,
right against the and internal-relations fields.
individual, whose supreme This movement has proved
duty is to be a member of that it is one organic unit.”
the state.”
WHERE IS
NATIONALISM
HEADED??
1830s 2006
Mahmud al-Zahar
GWF Hegel
Noor Ali Farah
 Nationalism and Freedom

I’ve tasted freedom,

and I want more!
Why did a growing sense of
nationalism develop among European
peoples in the 19th century?

Noor Ali Farah

 Nationalism and Freedom

The Congress of Vienna The Enlightenment

re-establishes monarchies introduces free thinking

The French Revolution & The Industrial Revolution

Napoleonic Wars aids in the rise of the middle class
ravage Europe
Noor Ali Farah
 Nationalism and Freedom

I’ve tasted freedom,

and I want more!
How did nationalism influence the
development of new nations in 19th
century Europe?

Europe - 1815 Europe - 1914 Noor Ali Farah

Nationalism of Europe in 20th Century

Noor Ali Farah

 Anti-Nations

Why would it benefit

an area to unify?

What potential problems

might a territory encounter
during unification?
Noor Ali Farah
 Il Risorgimento
What are the major events and who are the key
leaders associated with Italian unification?

Camillo di Cavour Giuseppe Garibaldi Giuseppe Mazzini

“The Brain” “The Sword” “The Heart”
Noor Ali Farah
 Il Risorgimento

+ + =

Italia!

But was it really that simple?

Noor Ali Farah
Giuseppe Mazzini: Duties of Man (1840)

“In laboring according to true principles for our country we are

laboring for humanity; our country is the fulcrum of the lever
which we have to wield for the common good. If we give up this
fulcrum, we run the risk of becoming useless to our country
and to humanity. Before associating ourselves with the Nations
which compose humanity, we must exist as a Nation.”

How does Mazzini’s writing embody

a) socialism?
b) utilitarianism?
c) Enlightenment thinking?
d) nationalism?
Noor Ali Farah
 Volksgeist: German Unification
What are the major events and who
are the key leaders associated with
German unification?

Franco-Prussian War King

Chancellor
Battle of Mars-la-Tour Wilhelm I
Otto von Bismarck 1870 Noor Ali Farah
 Volksgeist: German Unification
How did nationalism affect the creation of new social
and political groups in 19th-century Germany?

“Junkers”
“The King”
“Liberals” How were each of these
groups related to one
another?

Noor Ali Farah

Volksgeist: German Unification

1871 Proclamation of the German Empire

The Hall of Mirrors, Palace of Versailles

January 18, 1871
Noor Ali Farah
 Volksgeist: German Unification
King Wilhelm I & Otto von Bismarck:
Who wears the pants?
I’m King of
the World!

Wait, uh,
chancellor?
Now I’m really
confused…
Noor Ali Farah
Volksgeist: German Unification
The less people know about how sausages and
laws are made, the better they’ll sleep at night.

What is militarism?
How did Bismarck embody militarism?
What does Bismarck’s militarism suggest about his political
beliefs?
What do these quotations suggest Bismarck thought about the
German people?
Not through speeches and majority
decisions will the great questions of the
day be decided, but by blood and iron.
Noor Ali Farah
 The Return of Nationalism
From Trump’s “America First” to the ever-looming Brexit, nationalist
movements have been making steady gains across the globe in recent years.

2018, however, saw many cement their place in society, both formally via
securing leadership positions within democratically elected governments, and
also at a grass-roots level, with a growing normalisation of once nationalist
taboos.

On both right and left, nationalist groups have been able to tap into profound
feelings of economic, and/or social, precariousness. Whether rightly felt or
ideologically misplaced, their message of “us first” has, undoubtedly, resonated.

However, there is a very short distance between “us first” and “us versus them”.
As such, further civil unrest and politically motivated violence remains highly
likely in 2019.
 The End
Thank You

For Your Listening

Question?

Noor Ali Farah