Muscles of the Back

Ella Carmela Chavez Mae Nen Vedeja Zara Denisse Garcia Mardred Marcelo

Superficial Group
Trapezius Muscle
It is the large superficial muscle that extends longitudinally from the occipital bone to the lower thoracic vertebrae and laterally to the spine of the scapula (shoulder blade). Its functions are to move the scapulae and support the arm.

Trapezius

Superficial Group
Trapezius Muscle
The Trapezius Muscle resembles a trapezoid or a diamond-shaped quadrilateral. ORIGIN: external occipital protuberance. INSERTION: spine of scapula. ACTION: elevates and depresses the scapula (depending on which part of the muscle contracts); rotates the scapula superiorly; retracts scapula

Superficial Group
Latissimus Dorsi
Meaning 'broadest muscle of the back. It is the larger, flat, dorso-lateral muscle on the trunk, posterior to the arm, and partly covered by the trapezius on its median dorsal region.

Latissimus Dorsi

Superficial Group
Latissimus Dorsi Muscle
ORIGIN: vertebral spines from T7 to the sacrum, posterior third of the iliac crest, lower 3 or 4 ribs, sometimes from the inferior angle of the scapula INSERTION: floor of the intertubercular groove of humerus.

Superficial Group
Latissimus Dorsi Muscle
ACTION: responsible for extension, adduction, transverse extension, flexion from an extended position, and (medial) internal rotation of the shoulder joint. It also has a synergistic role in extension and lateral flexion of the lumbar spine.

Superficial Group
Rhomboid Major Muscle
A muscle on the back that connects the scapula with the vertebrae of the spinal column. It acts together with the rhomboid minor to keep the scapula pressed against the thoracic wall and to retract the scapula toward the vertebral column. It lies deep to trapezius but superficial to the long spinal muscles.

Rhomboid Major

Superficial Group
Rhomboid Major Muscle
ORIGIN: spines of vertebrae T2-T5 INSERTION: medial border of the scapula inferior to the spine of the scapula ACTION: The rhomboid major helps to hold the scapula (and thus the upper limb) onto the ribcage. The rhomboids also acts to retract the scapula, pulling it towards the vertebral column.

Superficial Group
Rhomboid Minor Muscle
A small skeletal muscle on the back that connects the scapula with the vertebrae of the spinal column. It lies deep to trapezius but superficial to the long spinal muscles.

Rhomboid Minor

Superficial Group
Rhomboid Minor Muscle
ORIGIN: inferior end of the ligamentum nuchae, spines of vertebrae C7 and T1. INSERTION: medial border of the scapula at the root of the spine of the scapula. ACTION: retracts, elevates and rotates the scapula.

Superficial Group
Levator Scapulae Muscle
A skeletal muscle situated at the back and side of the neck. As the name suggests, its main function is to lift the scapula.

Levator Scapulae

Superficial Group
Levator Scapulae Muscle
ORIGIN: transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae. INSERTION: medial border of the scapula from the superior angle to the spine. ACTION: elevates the scapula.

Superficial Group

Innervations and Blood Supply

Intermediate Group
Serratus Posterior Superior Muscle
a thin, quadrilateral muscle, situated at the upper and back part of the thorax.

Serratus Posterior Superior

Intermediate Group
Serratus Posterior Superior Muscle
ORIGIN: ligamentum nuchae, spines of vertebrae C7 and T1-T3. INSERTION: ribs 2-5. ACTION: elevates the upper ribs.

Intermediate Group
Serratus Posterior Inferior Muscle
The muscle lies at the junction of the thoracic and lumbar regions. It is situated at the junction of the thoracic and lumbar regions: it is of an irregularly quadrilateral form, broader than the serratus posterior superior muscle, and separated from it by a wide interval.

Serratus Posterior Inferior

Intermediate Group
Serratus Posterior Inferior
ORIGIN: thoracolumbar fascia, spines of vertebrae T11-T12 and L1-L2. INSERTION: ribs 9-12. ACTION: pulls down lower ribs.

Intermediate Group

Deep Group
Splenius Capitis Splenius Cervicis Multifidus Muscle Semispinalis Muscles Spinal Erectors (Erector Spinae)
Iliocostalis Longissimus Spinalis

Deep Group
Splenius Cervicis Splenius Capitis
Are broad, straplike muscle in the back of the neck. It pulls on the base of the skull from vertebrae in the neck and upper thorax. Derived from the Latin words Splenion meaning bandage. ACTION: extends and laterally bends the neck and head, rotates head to the same side

Splenius Muscles

Deep Group
Spinal Erectors
Iliocostalis The iliocostalis originates from the sacrum, erector spinae aponeurosis and iliac crest. ACTION: extends and laterally bends the trunk and neck.

Iliocostalis Lumborum Iliocostalis Thoracis

Iliocostalis Cervicis

Deep Group
Spinal Erectors
Longissimus Muscles It is the longest subdivision of the erector spinae that extends forward into the transverse processes of the posterior cervical vertebrae. ACTION: extends and laterally bends the trunk, neck and head.

Longissimus Thoracis Longissimus Cervicis

Longissimus Capitis

Deep Group
Spinal Erectors
Spinalis Portion of the erector spinae located nearest to the spine. It is divided into three parts. ACTION: extends and laterally bends trunk and neck.

Spinalis Dorsi Spinalis Cervicis

Spinalis Capitis

Erector Spinae Muscles

Deep Group
Semispinalis Muscles
Semispinalis Dorsi
consists of thin, narrow, fleshy fasciculi, interposed between tendons of considerable length. ACTION: extends the trunk and laterally bends the trunk, rotates the trunk to the opposite side.

Deep Group
Semispinalis Muscles
Semispinalis Cervicis
Thicker than the Semispinalis Dorsi, arises by a series of tendinous and fleshy fibers from the transverse processes of the upper five or sixthoracis vertebrae, and is inserted into the cervical spinous processes, from the axis to the fifth inclusive. ACTION: extends the trunk and laterally bends the trunk, rotates the trunk to the opposite side.

Deep Group
Semispinalis Muscles
Semispinalis Capitis
Situated at the upper and back part of the neck, deep to the Splenius, and medial to the Longissimus cervicis and capitis. ACTION: extends the trunk and laterally bends the trunk, rotates the trunk to the opposite side.

Semispinalis Dorsi Semispinalis Cervicis

Semispinalis Capitis

Deep Group
Multifidus Muscle
consists of a number of fleshy and tendinous fasiculi, which fill up the groove on either side of the spinous process of the vertebrae, from the sacrum to the axis. Very thin muscle. ACTION: Stabilizes vertebrae in local movements of vertebral column

Multifidus Muscle

END