21ST CENTURY

LITERATURE 12th Grade

FROM THE
PHILIPPINES AND
THE WORLD
 The Spanish Colonial Period (1565-
1897)
• Sixteenth Century was the start of the deprivation of the
indigenous Philippine literature.

• Spanish colonial government finally got in the scene. They

were able to manipulate literature by monopolizing it under the
religious orders.

• Literature evolves mainly on the themes of Spanish/

European culture and of course, the Roman Catholic religion.
 Literary Influences during Spanish
colonization
 Christian Doctrine or Doctrina Christiana was the first book
ever printed in the Philippines in 1593 by the Dominican
press.

 Libro de la Lengua Tagala by Fernando Bagongbanta.

Tagalog translations to the Spanish lines, still the
superiority of the Spanish language.

 Pasyon influenced by the Spanish contexts of Christianity,

at least they embodied several Filipino sentiments and
values (the feeling of Filipino mother towards a suffering
son).
Filipino writers in Spanish became
conscious for the search for freedom
1
Pasyon Dapat Ipag-alab ng Puso by Marcelo H. del Pilar
expressed his rebellious writing style was identified.
2
Pascual Poblete’s Patnubay sa Binyagan associated Filipinos’
struggle for independence with Jesus’ life.
Jose Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo made very
3
powerful contributions among the Filipinos the introduction of
rejecting Spanish rule. He also influenced the succeeding
writers.
The narrative poems Awit and Corrido talked about world of
4 royals, warriors and lovers (the basic concept in Florante at
Laura).
Komedya. Francisco Baltazar’s Florante at Laura embodied the
5 concept of colonization and oppression which gave voice to
their revolutionary action towards freedom.
 The American Colonial Period (1898-
1945)
• Philippine literature in Spanish was starting to
lose its track on the first decade.

• The poems of Fernando Ma. Guerrero (Crisalidas),

Balmori’s Se deshojo la Flor novel, and many others
discussed revolution and sentiments for patriotism and
reform proved that Philippine literature was used to
claim freedom from the colonizers.
The American Colonial Period (1898-
1945)
• Even if Philippine literature was in English, the
preservation of the content for Filipino experiences
was achieved.

• Short story writers in English like Manuel Arguilla

in his “A Son is Born,” was one of the foundations of
the Philippine literature, not in Tagalog or in Spanish,
but during this time, in English. Poetry in English
was also founded.

• Sarzuela was overpowered by English drama.

The Contemporary Period (1946 to
present)
• This period started during the rebirth of freedom in
(1946-to present). The Americans returned in 1945.

• Filipinos rejoiced and guerrillas that fled to the

mountain joined the liberating American Army.

• On July 4, 1946, the Philippines regained its

freedom and the Filipino flag waved joyously alone.
The chains were broken.
THANK YOU!
History of French literature
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and
the smallest one in the entire Solar System.
Contrary to popular belief, this planet's
name has nothing to do with the liquid
metal. Mercury was, instead, named after
the famous Roman messenger god
Mercurius
Mercury takes a little more than 58 days to
complete its rotation, so try to imagine how
long days must be there! Since the
temperatures are so extreme, albeit not as
extreme as on Venus, Mercury has been
deemed to be non-habitable for humans
02

Process
You can enter a subtitle here if
you need it
Key elements
01 Characters Mars is actually a very cold place

02 Plot Venus has extremely high temperatures

03 Theme Jupiter is the biggest planet of them all

04 Symbolism Saturn is a gas giant and has several rings

Awesome
words
 9h 55m 23s
Jupiter's rotation period

333,000
The Sun’s mass compared to Earth’s

386,000 km
Distance between Earth and the Moon
Computer
mockup
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image”
Phone
mockup
You can replace the image on the
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 05

Activities
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you need it
Activity 2: analyzing a French story
Un jour de printemps, dans un petit village niché au Que découvre Camille lors de sa promenade
creux des montagnes, une jeune fille nommée dans la forêt?
Camille découvrit quelque chose de magique. Elle
se promenait dans la forêt lorsque ses yeux se
posèrent sur une fleur d'un violet éclatant. Cette
fleur n'était pas comme les autres. Elle brillait Que se passe-t-il lorsque Camille touche la
comme une étoile dans la lumière du soleil. Camille fleur?
s'approcha, curieuse, et tendit la main pour la
toucher. Au moment où ses doigts effleuraient la
fleur, quelque chose d'incroyable se produisit. Un
tourbillon de pétales violets l'enveloppa, la Où est transportée Camille?
transportant dans un monde enchanté