U18MEP7703- PROJECT PHASE I

Rakul S(20BME092)
Jagdish Castro DP (20BME046)

GUIDE – Dr.R.Manivel, Professor

TITLE:
STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF CAVITATION IN A VANE PUMP USED IN INDUSTRIAL HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION:

• Cavitation calculation of the pump from exact dimensional data of the setup in
the industry.

NPSH and sump oil level, two important factors for cavitation, have been
observed in an industrial setup.

PREVIOUS QUIERIES:

• Alkalinity of HLP46 oil.

• Oil contamination in industry.
JUSTIFICATION:
Ph of HLP-46 Oil ( 6.5 – 8 )

ADDITIVES
• zinc di-alkyl di-thiophosphate (ZDDP) – Anti wear
additives.
• phenolic antioxidants – Anti oxidants.
• Demulsibility and friction modifiers.

OIL REPORT FROM INDUSTRY

• Reclamation oil report – ( < 0.1 %) water

• Kinematic Viscosity Index - 98

OBJECTIVES:
• To observe the design dimensions and working parameters of the vane pump setup.

• Oil Tank dimensions and contained oil volume.

• Pipe dimensions.
• Cartridge (Stator, rotor , vane).

• To arrive the working domain of vane pump and hence to analyze the
cavitation using Computational Fluid Dynamics.
LITERATURE REVIEW
No Reference
1 FLOW MODELLING AND PERFORMANCE
ASSESSMENT OF ROTARY SLIDING VANE
PUMP USING COMPUTATIONAL FLUID
DYNAMICS Mohammed Akmal M. Ammar, Nabil
A. Mahmoud, Ahmed R. El-Baz and Ashraf M. H
Amed - 2018
2 STUDY OF AIR DISTRIBUTION PHASES
OF THE SMALL SIZED ROTARY VANE
VACUUM PUMP
Elchyn ALIIEV 1, Vladimir DUDIN 2
, Alexandr YANOVSKY 3 -2022
Summary Points
• This study investigates rotary sliding vane pump
performance via CFD modeling, varying vane count
(4, 6, 8) and radial clearance (0.025, 0.05, 0.075 mm)
at six speeds (500-3000 rpm). Results highlight
efficiency and internal leakage changes.
• The passage discusses rotary vane vacuum pumps,
highlighting their advantages (high mechanical
efficiency, low pulsations, compactness) and
disadvantages (friction, wear). It introduces a
methodology for optimizing air distribution phases
and presents analytical, numerical, and experimental
findings validating the theoretical model.
No Reference
3 PUMPING SPEED MEASUREMENT OF
THE ROTARY VANE VACUUM PUMP BY
USING NUMERICAL AND
EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
M. Nadeem Azam1, M. Umar2, M.
Maqsood3, Imran Akhtar1, Imran Aziz1
-2014
4 DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF
VANE TYPE VARIABLE FLOW OIL
PUMP
FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATION
S.Loganathan, S.Govindarajan, J.Suresh
Kumar, K.Vijayakumar -2011
Summary Points
• This paper discusses the quantification of pumping
speed for a rotary vacuum pump using
experimental and numerical methods. It covers the
methodology, standards, and equations involved,
highlighting the agreement between experimental
and numerical results
• This abstract discusses the development of a
variable flow oil pump for automobiles to improve
fuel efficiency. The concept reduces flow rates and
power consumption compared to conventional
pumps, benefiting fuel economy. Three vane
analysis.
6
No Reference
5 EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON SERIES
OPERATION OF SLIDING VANE
PUMP AND CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
Tao Li, Weiming Zhang, Ming Jiang, and
Zhengyang Li - 2013
Summary Points
• This paper discusses experimental investigations
into the series operation of sliding vane pumps and
centrifugal pumps, examining their compatibility
and performance characteristics. The study
concludes that series operation is feasible under
specific conditions, primarily determined by the
sliding vane pump's capabilities.
7
 EXISTING SOLUTIONS
• The initial pressure drop is reduced, and cavitation is
suppressed by using a butterfly valve on the suction side
of the vane pump.(Fig – 1.1)
Fig – 1.1

• To use an inducer at the pump inlet to efficiently control

and reduce cavitation.(Fig-1.2)

• Other basic methods that includes checking for oil

properties and oil contamination.
Fig – 1.2
DESIGN CALCULATION

Dc 70.35 mm
DR 60 mm
L 33 mm
VD 31800 mm3

DC - the diameter of a cam ring,

L - width of rotor,
VD – Volumetric Displacement of pump,
DR - diameter of rotor
CATRIDGE 3D MODEL

AREA OF WORKING CHAMBER

OBTAINED THEORITICALLY 1027
 METHODOLOGY
ANALYTICAL CALCULATION
NPSH Required - 40 cm
• Variation of suction head parameters. NPSH Available - 60 cm
• Variation of sump volume. Oil level in tank - (28-32)cm
DATA COLLECTED
Link : SAIL.xlsx
 VANE PUMP AVAILABLE AT THE INDUSTRY (VT6C-B22)

NEW VANE PUMP Cavitated vane pump Cavitated vane pump Cavitated vane pump
(JAMMED-CARTRIDGE) (DAMAGED SHAFT) (BROKEN SHAFT)

CARTRIDGE
• STATOR
• ROTOR
• VANE
CAVITATION CALCULATION

FORMULAE
ITERATED VALUES FOR VARIOUS SUCTION HEAD PARAMETERS
DESCRIPTION UNIT NOTATION I II III
Frictional factor f 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
Length of the pipe m L 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
velocity m/s v 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63
ID of Suction Pipe m IDsuc 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038
Frictional Head m fh 0.009592105 0.009592105 0.009592105 0.009592105
Frictional Head cm fh 0.959210526 0.959210526 0.959210526 0.959210526
HEAD I HEAD II HEAD III CAVITATION MARGIN
Static Suction Head cm hs 72.3 62.3 52.3 42.3
Total Head cm H 72.30959211 62.30959211 52.30959211 42.30959211
Speed of rotor RPM N 1500 1500 1500 1500
Flow Rate cm3/sec Q 725 725 725 725
Specific Speed NS 1628.783378 1821.143135 2076.463312 2434.619709
Thoma's cavitation parameter σmin 0.197388416 0.229067073 0.272857717 0.337348463
Volume of the oil litres VL 105.968 211.935 317.903 423.87
 STATIC HEAD VS CAVITATION FACTOR
75
72.3

70 CAVITATION IN A PUMP
65 62.3

60

55 52.3
STATIC HEAD

50

45 42.3

40
0 .1 9 7 3 8 8 4 1 6 3 8 6 2 2 6 0 .2 2 9 0 6 7 0 7 2 8 6 8 6 4 5 0 .2 7 2 8 5 7 7 1 6 9 2 6 3 7 2 0 .3 3 7 3 4 8 4 6 3 1 9 6 7 5

CAVITATION FACTOR

When the static head increases the cavitation factor decreases

Higher cavitation factor (value) – lower risk of cavitation.
 • IF CHANGE IN OIL LEVEL ALONE
GOOD HEAT DISSIPATION

RISK OF CAVITATION –
MODERATE

IF CHANGE IN OIL LEVEL AND

SUCTION

GOOD HEAT
S DISSIPATION

RISK OF CAVITATION –
TO THE LOWEST
 TOOLS PROPOSED TO BE APPLIED
SOLIDWORKS
MS EXCEL
ANSYS FLUENT

Sustainable Development Goals

GANTT CHART
REFERENCES
1) Flow modelling and performance assessment of rotary sliding vane pump using computational fluid
dynamics mohammed akmal m. ammar, nabil a. mahmoud, ahmed r. el-
baz and ashraf m. h amed - 2018
2) Study of air distribution phases of the small sized rotary vane vacuum pumpelchyn aliiev 1, vladimir dudin
2, alexandr yanovsky 3 -2022
3) Pumping speed measurement of the rotary vane vacuum pump by using numerical and experimental
approaches m. nadeem azam1, m. umar2, m. maqsood3, imran
akhtar1, imran aziz1-2014
4) Design and development of vane type variable flow oil pump for automotive application
s.loganathan, s.govindarajan, j.suresh kumar, k.vijayakumar -2011
5) Experimental study on series operation of sliding vane pump and centrifugal pump
tao li, weiming zhang, ming jiang, and zhengyang li – 2013

BOOK REFERENCES
6) Fluid Power with Applications (5th Edition) - Esposito, Anthony
7) HYDRAULIC DESIGN HANDBOOK - Larry W. Mays
8) NPSH for Rotodynamic Pumps ( Euro-pump) – EAPM.