How do novel enteric E.

coli strains emerge and why do these not

always persist in the population?
Lily Wu
 Background
• pathogenic E. coli
 <5 children’s death under 5 globally
 800,000 fatalities per year,73,000 illness anually in the US(O157:H7)
 hemolytic uremic syndrome(HUS)
• T3SS
 enteropathogenic E.coli(EPEC)
 enterohamerhagic E.coli(EHEC)
 enteroinvasive E.coli(EIEC, including shigella)
• Non-T3SS:
 Diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC)
 enteroaggregative E.coli(EAEC)
 entertoxigenic E.coli(ETEC)

• foodborne,water contamination,person to person transmission

Why is emerging?
• One of the largest outbreaks in German,2011-ST-EAEC H104:O4
 contamination of sprouts
 more than 4000 cases reported(gastroentertis)
 25% developed HUS, majority of adult(89%),54 deaths

• Horizontal gene transfer

• similar with EAEC strain 55989,pAA plasmid
1. shiga toxin-2a
• Antibiotic resistance
• extended-spectrum β-lactamase plasmid:cephalosporins and penicillins
• Selective pressure
• acquired virulence factors
• AAF/I, without intimin
• flagellin protein:leads to recruitment of IL-8
• enhanced virulence to stx-producing because of PMNs migration
Why is not persist in the population ？
• Sanitiation and hygiene
 injestion of cooked meat
 filtered water

• theraputic treatment(propsed)
 recombinant human lactoferrin and bovine lactoferrin inhibit EAEC aggressive adherence
1. oral rehydration solution with recombinant lactoferrin and lysozymto
 block attachment of EHEC to HEP2 cells:reduce EspB
Summary
• horizontal gene transfer leads to the emergence of new strains
• strong virulence factors contribute to HUS, leading to immune evasion
• antibiotic resistance leads to limitiation of treatments
• Improvement in hyigene can limit the transmission
• proposed Lactoferrin to tackle alleviate

• still unclear about pathogenicity of infection?

• vaccine is still developing, on trials?
Reference
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