THE CORE OF

HEALTHCARE
EDUCATION

TOPIC: FIRST AID IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Presented by: Miss A.CHIWATI
THE CORE OF QUALITY HEALTH CARE EDUCATION 1
LEARNING OUTCOME
BY THE END OF THE LESSON, STUDENTS SHOULD BE ABLE TO:

Justify the significance of

conducting first aid and
apply practical skills in
administering first aid.
THE CORE OF QUALITY HEALTH CARE EDUCATION 3
 First Aid is everyone's responsibility.

INTRODU As an individual, it is vital that you keep

telephone numbers.

CTION TO
FIRST AID It is also important keep medical supplies in a
safe and convenient place where you can find
them when needed.

Remember, it is important to remain calm and

use common sense in any emergency situation.
FOR FAST AND RELIABLE
TRAINING

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 It is a skilled application of accepted principles of
treatment on the occurrence of an injury as sudden
illness. https://www.healthline.com/health/first-aid

WHAT IS
FIRST It is help given to a sick or injured person until full
medical treatment is available.

AID
It refers to medical attention that is usually
administered immediately after the injury occurs
and at the location where it occurred. It often
consists of a one-time, short-term treatment and
requires little technology or training to administer.
GUIDING PRINCIPLES IN
CARRYING FIRST AID

1 2 3
Prevent further Preserve life Promote recovery
injury
Preservation of lives
First aid can preserve lives of millions by:
Making a quick assessment of the patient to detect life threatening conditions in a short space of time.
Quickly accessing the emergency medical services for prompt conveyance of patient to medical centers.
Initiating basic life support system.
Controlling life threatening bleeding

THE PRACTICE OF FIRST

AID/EMERGENCY CASE
 A trained first aider
second priority is to
PREVENTING ensure that the condition
PATIENTS of the patient does not
CONDITION deteriorate in his/her
FROM presence. She/he therefore
BECOMING
WORSE ensure that:
• Ensures all other injuries are
immobilized to prevent further
damage and provide comfort.
 The first aider facilitates recovery by:

Monitoring vital signs, reassuring the patient

PROMOTION to all anxiety
OF PATIENTS’
RECOVERY Conveying the patient to a medical facility.

Summoning the Ambulance is done during

primary survey concurrent with first aid
therapy.
VIDEO ON PURPOSES OF
CONDUCTING FIRST AID

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ACTION PLAN IN
ADMINISTERING FIRST AID

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 Explain the procedure to be followed when
CLASS assessing the situation before conducting first
aid on the casualty.
ACTIVITY

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VIDEO ON PRIMARY
SURVEY/DRABC

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VIDEO ON FIRST AID FOR
CHOCKING

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VIDEO ON SOMEONE WHO IS
UNCONSCIOUS

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HOW TO DO CPR

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VIDEO ON FIRST AID FOR
BLEEDING

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VIDEO ON STOPPING
NOSEBLEED

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VIDEO ON FIRST AID OF
TREATING FRACTURES

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 A first-aider is someone
THE
who has undertaken
training appropriate to the
first aid at work
FIRST
circumstances. They must
hold a valid certificate of AIDER/
EMERGE
competence in either:

NCY
CARE
GIVER
any other level of training
or qualification that is emergency first aid at
appropriate to the work
circumstances
QUALITIES OF A FIRST AIDER

Passionate (Botswapelo)

Courageous (Go kgothala)

Courteous (Kelotlhoko):

Sympathetic ( Kutlwelobotlhoko)

Self – motivated(Moikgothatsi)

Humble but firm (Bonolo)

CONT,
“Precision qualities” –
Prompt action but with a
high degree of safety and
accuracy as the mistakes of
a first aider may cost his life
or reputation or the life of
the patient.
Mentally alert and
Physical fitness: (Go
itekanela mo mmeleng le
tltaloganyo) -cannot be
over emphasized
 Manage the incident and ensure the
continuing safety of themselves,
bystanders and the casualty

RESPONSI Assess casualties and find out the nature

BILITIES & cause of their injuries

OF A FIRST
AIDER Arrange for further medical help or other
emergency services to attend

If trained, priorities casualties based upon

medical need
 Provid Provide appropriate first aid treatment as
e trained

Make If able, make notes/observations of

casualties
CONT,
Provid Provide a handover when further
e medical help arrives

Fill out Fill out any paperwork as required

FIRST AIDERS ARE ALSO
RESPONSIBLE FOR ENSURING:
Safety of the patient until he/she is handed over to more qualified person e.g. doctor,
paramedic or nurse.

Seeking consent of patient for treatment. This applies to adult patients who are
conscious.

Patients’ privacy should always be respected whilst other instances may make it
impossible for the first aider not to see the patient’s private parts, the first aider should
make sure that the patients privacy is not exposed to the public.

Implied Consent
 CONT,
The first aider is to provide immediate, lifesaving, medical case before the arrival of
further medical help. This could include performing procedures such as:
Placing an unconscious casualty into the recovery position

Performing Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

Stopping bleeding using pressure and elevation

Keeping a fractured limb still

A first aider’s overall aim should be to preserve life. Other aims of first aid include
preventing the worsening of the patient’s condition and to promote recovery.
EMERGENCY SCENE
MANAGEMENT
An emergency scene is “a den of confusion” until
an emergency care giver is in attendance. If the
situation is allowed to continue it will worsen or
protract into a major incident or disaster.
It therefore dictates that when the first aider
approaches the scene of incident order should
prevail and most importantly SAFETY should reign.
https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/condition
sandtreatments/first-aid-basics-and-drsabcd
4 ’S PRINCIPLE OF SAFETY AT
THE EMERGENCY SCENE

A first aider should observe safety using the four S’

principle of safety as:

S – Safety to yourself
S – Safety to the scene
S- Safety to the vehicles
S – Safety to the patient
https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/condition
sandtreatments/first-aid-basics-and-drsabcd
HOW TO MOVE THE PATIENT
Leg Drag
Arm Drag
Clothing drag
Blanket lift
THE CHAIN OF SURVIVAL

First aid is important and should always be administered whenever there is

sudden illness or at the occurrence of an injury. It is first the aider who
bridges the gap between the place of the incident and hospital.
Paramedics’ surveys indicate that a lot of people are dying somewhere
between these two points. In every country strategies and or facilities should
be there for all victims to survive this gap.
CONT,
Early awareness: Everybody should be aware of what to do in case of an
emergency.
Early access: Patient should get prompt help from the emergency medical
services.
Early CPR: CARDIO Pulmonary Resuscitation should not be delayed on
patients whose condition needs it.
CHAIN OF SURVIVAL
DIAGRAM
Early
Early Early CPR
awaren
access
ess
CALLING FOR HELP
If someone is injured in an accident stay calm and:
•first check that you and the casualty are not in any danger. If you
are, make the situation safe.
•when it's safe to do so, dial 997 for an ambulance, if necessary.
•carry out basic first aid.
If you call 999 or 997 you will be asked what service you require
and also:
•your telephone number
•the address you are at - exact location of incident
CONT
•what is wrong with the casualty and are they unconscious, not
breathing or bleeding
•type of incident (e.g. unconscious breathing patient or unconscious
non breathing patient
•gravity of incident (e.g., CPR is in progress)
•details of condition from diagnosis (eg diabetic, person has a
cardiac history) if known
•hazards i.e. chemical spill, stairs
You may be offered advice as to how to assist the casualty until
help arrives.
CONCLUSION
Accidents will always happen. Therefore, it is essential
that wherever your location or working environment, you
understand the importance of first aid supplies in order to
ensure maximum safety for everyone involved.First aid
doesn't just help with recovery; it helps save lives.

THE CORE OF QUALITY HEALTH CARE EDUCATION 36

 CLASS
PRACTICAL
Tefo was working in the storeroom which
was enclosed and just collapsed. You have
been called as Safety officer to assist with
the situation, demonstrate how you would
conduct Primary Survey to assist our
casualty.

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 What is First aid

Purpose of First aid

RECAP
Qualities of a first Aider

Primary Survey

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REFERENCES
1. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/153
849
2. https://www.healthline.com/health/first-aid
3. https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/
conditionsandtreatments/first-aid-basics-and-
drsabcd

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