A

Project Based Learning (PBL) Presentation

on
“FIRE ALARM SYSTEM”
PRESENTED BY-

924-SONWANE PARAG MARUTI USN:F190100582

925-SONAWANE POOJA SITARAM USN:F190100583
927-SONAWANE SANSKRUTI SUBHASH USN:F190100585
929-SONAWANE SHREYAS SANTOSH USN:F190100587
931-SONAWANE YASH RAJENDRA USN:F190100589
942-TAMBE RUSHIKESH PRASHANT(Leader) USN:F190100599

Under the Guidance of

Er. B.G.SHINDE
Amrutvahini College of Engineering, Sangamner
 CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Need for project
 Problem statement
 Objectives
 Literature review
 Methodology
 Assembly and Working of the model
 Circuit Diagram
 Cost Analysis
 Conclusion
 Future Scope
 References
 INTRODUCTION
 A keys aspect of fire proection is to identify a developing fire emergency in a
timely manner,and to alert building occupants and organisations.
 This is the role of the fire detection and alaram system.Depending on the
anticipeted Fire Scenario,Building and use type ,no of type of occupants and
criticality of contents and ,missions,this systems can provide several main
functions.
 First,they provide a means to identify a developing fire through either manual
or automatic methods.
 Second,they alert building occupants to a fire condition and the need to
evacuate.
 Another comman function is the transmission of an alram notification system
signal to the fire department or other emergency response organisation.
 They may also shut down electrical,air handling eqiupment or special process
opertions,and they may be use to initiate automatic suppression systems.
 NEED OF THE PROJECT
• Many people do not have fire alarm systems installed in their homes. Many
assume that they are able to smell smoke when they are asleep and wake up
in time to escape in case of a fire emergency. Well, this is not true at all.
Studies have been conducted and it has been proven that people’s sleep are
disrupted when there is sound or noise, but it is NOT the case with smell. Our
sense of smell is lost when we are asleep, and we will not wake up no matter
how strong the smell of smoke is.
• Many people do not take fire alarms seriously, and many do not test or check
their alarm systems regularly. The only thing that can alert you, your family
and colleagues 24/7 from a fire is the sound of a well installed and
maintained fire alarm system. Fire alarms are important because they can
give you an early signal to something that could be tragic – basically saving
your lives.
 A fire alarm alerts you when they you are busy, working or sleeping. You can
therefore take action before major damage takes place, thus saving you the
cost of property loss- also saving insurance companies a lot of damage cost.
More than half of house fires take place in homes that do not have fire alarms,
and mostly at night, resulting in a high number of deaths. It is easy to get
trapped in the start of a fire.

 An early detection can get you out of a situation that would potentially turn into
a tragedy. Make sure to also alert your family and friends on the importance of
installing fire alarm systems.
 PROBLEM STATEMENT

• Whenever there arises any situation where fire occurs in the premises, at
such times it is necessary to alert the people within the premises about it.

• If the alert is notified to them then, they can move out and their safety can be
ensured.

• In such scenarios, our “FIRE ALARM SYSTEM” can be of great help to the
people and within time proper safety measures can be taken care off.
 OBJECTIVES

 To detect the fire

 To alert the occupants

 To manage risks

 To notify authorities
 LITERATURE REVIEW
SR.NO. AUTHORS NAME OF TOPIC MAJOR
FINDINGS
1 Pasquale Foggia, Alessia Saggese, A Probabilistic Approach Identification metric
and Mario Vento,and for VisionBased Fire based on color for fire
Ebroul Izquierdo. Detection in Videos.. detection in vedios.
2 Osman Gunay, Behet Ugur Toreyin, Entropy- Functional- They use this system for
Kivanc Kose, and A. Based Online Adaptive wild fire detection.
Enis Cetin. Decision Fusion
Framework With
Application to
Wildfire Detection in
Video.
3 Martin Mueller,Peter Karasev,Ivan Optical Flow Estimation They proposed two novel
Kolesov,and Allen for Flame optical flow
Tannenbaum. Detection in Videos. estimators,Optimal Mass
Trasnport(OMT) and
Non-Smooth Data(NSD).
4 Kosmas Dimitropoulos, Panagiotis B Spatio-Temporal Flame They proposed a fire-
armpoutis and Nikos Grammalidis. Modeling flame detection to be
 METHODOLOGY

 The proposed IOT based fire alarm prototype system involves a tempereture
and light detctor along with the alerting device with other basic components.

 The fire alarm system circuit consist of a 5mm photiode which acts as a
temperature and heat sensor.

 The Transistor used is BC 547 along with a red LED (Light Emitting Diode)
which shows a alert signal.

 2 1k ohm and a 10k ohm resistor are used in the circuit in order to bare the
resistiveload created in the circuit.
A 12V buzzer is used as an alerting device which is connected to the the
9V battery, which provides the essential power supply to he circuit for the
working of the devices and for the fire detection.
 ASSEMBLY & WORKING OF MODEL

 First of all, in the scenarios of the fire accidents the heat and the light is
detected by the photodiode which converts the heat and light sensed by the
photodiode in the electrical signal which are given to the Transistor BC547.

 The signal by the BC547 Transistor are given to the LED which glows and
shows the signal of the alertness and the buzzer connected to the transistor
and the LED starts making alerting sound as soon as it gets the signal from
the Transistor and Photodiode combinedly.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 COST ANALYSIS
 BC547 Transistor(2)- 40 Rs
 5mm photodoide(3)- 30 Rs
 Red LED(2)- 10 Rs
 12V Buzzer(2)- 50 Rs
 1 kilo ohms Resistors(3)- 30 Rs
 10 kilo ohms Resistor(2)- 20 Rs
 9V Battery and its connecting wire(each 2)- 60 Rs
 Soldering wire(1)- 15 Rs
 Other expenses- 20 Rs

The Cost Analysis of the Fire Alarm System can vary depending upon the place
where the circuit is to be implemented and the Area over which it has to be
implemented.
 CONCLUSION

 Thus, here by we conclude from this that “Fire Alarm System” is used for
the safety and the emergency purpose.This can not only be used in the
houses but also in the buildings and in the Industrial sector regions for the
Safety puposes.
 FUTURE SCOPE

 To overcome the disadvantages and looking for the implementation of the

Automatic Fire Detection.

 In place of the components like the Thermistor and the Photodiode we can
use the Automatic Sensors.

 Uses the Speakers instead of the Thermistor with the Warning messages
and the Audio Alert Signal.
 REFERENCES
[1] Pasquale Foggia, Alessia Saggese, and Mario Vento,and Ebroul Izquierdo “A Probabilistic Approach for
VisionBased Fire Detection in Videos ,” Circuits and systems for video technology , vol. 20, no. 5, may
2013 M. Young, The Technical Writer’s Handbook. Mill Valley, CA: University Science, 1989.

[2] Osman Gunay, Behet Ugur Toreyin, Kivanc Kose, and A. Enis Cetin, “Entropy- Functional-Based Online
Adaptive Decision Fusion Framework With Application to Wildfire Detection in Video, ”IEEE Trans. image
processing, vol. 21,may 2012

[3] Martin Mueller,Peter Karasev,Ivan Kolesov,and Allen Tannenbaum “Optical Flow Estimation for Flame
Detection in Videos, ”IEEE Trans. image process- ing, vol. 22, no. 7,july 2013.

[4] Kosmas Dimitropoulos, Panagiotis B armpoutis and Nikos Grammalidis “Spatio-Temporal Flame
Modeling and Dynamic Texture Analysis for Automatic Video-Based Fire Detection” IEEE Trans. on Circuits
and Systems for Video Technology.2014

[5] X. Qi and J. Ebert, “A computer vision based method for fire detection in color videos,” Int. J. Imag., vol.
2, no. S09, pp. 22–34, 2009
Thank You...!!!