Ch 3- Relations and

Functions
3-1 Understand Relations and Functions
• An ordered pair is when you combine data that links together.
• Any set of these ordered pairs is a relation
• A function is a relation where each input is assigned exactly one
output.
• Ex. 1- 1.12, 2- 2.24, 3-3.36, 4-4.48 for something linking prices and
pounds.
• Remember, if the input has multiple different outputs, its not a
function. If 1 was both 1.12 and 2.14, it’s not a function.
 • Functions can be displayed on a graph.

3-2 Connect • If they form a straight line (with an y= equation for instance), they are a linear function.
• If it’s not a straight line, its nonlinear.
Representations of • And if an x value equals two different y values it’s not a function.
Functions • Also slope can represent rate of change if the x axis is time.
• GP: What are these?
3-3
• Remember rate of change is shown by the slope of a line if the x axis
is time. So if you make a y=mx +b equation, m is your rate of change,
and b is the starting value.
• Linear functions will have constant rates of change, but nonlinear
won’t.
3-4 Writing Functions
to represent Graphs
• In word problems we can build a y=mx
equation, and use it to build a graph.
• So if we have a problem that says for every 2
inches of height, a ramp is 3 inches across,
but starts one inch high. Draw a graph that
represents length versus height.
• The part that says every is associated with
the slope. In this case it’s 2/3. If it starts
somewhere other than at 0,0, it’s the
additional b.
• So it’s y=2/3x +1
• If you are only given two points, you need to find the line. Remember
slope is rise/run, so subtract (X2 –X1)/ (Y2-Y1) to figure out the slope
of the line (m).
• Than to figure out the y intercept put in the values and see if you
need to add anything. If you do, it’s the y.
• So if we have a word problem where for five toys it cost 12.50, but for
ten it costs 25.00. We divide (25-12.5)/(10-5) for 12.5/5 for a slope of
2.5. y=mx +b, so y= 2.5x. We put in the values (12.50 = 2.5 x 5) We
don’t have any needed to be added, so we don’t have a y intercept
different than 0.
• GP: What is the y intercept formula?
• If we had for every 2 x’s 1 y, and it
began with 2 y, what would be the y
formula?