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ABOUT
GENETIC
ENGINEERING
Nadine Yasser / Judy Mortda / Yaseen Shaheen / Yassin
Hesham / Hamza Mohammed
 INTRODUCTION
Genetic engineering (also called genetic modification) is a
process that uses laboratory-based technologies to alter the
DNA makeup of an organism. It is simply changing the
genetic material of an organism by removing, changing or
inserting gene

Hamza Mohammed
Did You Know?
Yes, hair and eye color can be genetically modified
through genetic engineering. There are multiple genes
that control eye and hair color.

Hamza Mohammed
01
How can we use
it?
It can be used in plants!
Genetic modification of plants involves adding a
specific stretch of DNA into the plant's genome,
giving it new or different characteristics. This
could include changing the way the plant grows, or
making it resistant to a particular disease.

Judy Mortda
Just incase you don’t know the meaning!

The plant genome is comprised of protein-coding and non-coding

sequences,
The primary function of the genome is to store and express the genetic
information
Judy Mortda
 How can it be used for humans ?

Genetically engineered bacteria and other

microorganisms are currently used to produce
human insulin, human growth hormone, a
protein used in blood clotting, and other
Nadine Yasser
 Surprising fact is
that, genetic
engineering has been
applied to the
production of cancer
therapies
Nadine Yasser
 Health care wise:
Genetic engineering has the potential
to revolutionize healthcare by
allowing us to treat and cure a wide
range of diseases at their genetic
roots.

Yaseen Shaheen
 02

Types of genetic
engineering
 DNA extraction : DNA is
extracted from an organism
known to have the desired trait.

 Gene cloning :The gene of interest

is located and copied.

 Gene modification : The gene is

modified to express in a desired
way by altering and replacing
gene regions.

Yaseen Shaheen
Examples:
1) Insertion of human genes into
bacteria to produce human insulin
2)Insertion of genes into crop plants:
a. To provide additional vitamin
b. To provide resistance to insect
pests

Yassin Hesham
Bacteria are useful in biotechnology
and genetic modification due to

1. Their rapid reproduction

2. Their ability to make complex
molecules

Nadine Yasser
Just incase you don’t know the meaning!

Insulin: a hormone that is secreted by

pancreas, it regulates blood glucose,
and stimulates the liver cell to store
excess glucose in the form of
glycogen

Yassin Hesham
https://www.sciencedirect.com/
https://royalsociety.org/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
https://www.oncolink.org/