Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Hair and Nail Disorders
Hair and Nail Disorders
HAIR NAIL
Structure Structure
Function Function
Alopecia Nail changes in systemic diseases
Excessive hair growth Nail changes due to drugs
Hair pigmentation Common diseases of nail
Hair cosmetics Basic procedures
MCQs
Photoquiz
Structure of hair
Types of hair :
Vellus
Terminal
It is present all over skin except on vermillion of lips, palms, soles and skin
of nail folds.
Functions of hair
Excessive hair
Classification:
The affected area shows total hair loss without any inflammation;
sometimes with short, easily extractable ‘exclamation-mark’ hair at
margin.
Tinea capitis
Trichotillomania
Secondary syphilis
Androgenetic alopecia
Treatment
Topical minoxidil
Immunomodulators : Cyclosporin
Photochemotherapy
Prognosis
Medical :
Surgical :
• Scalp reduction
Cosmetic cover :
Sudden significant hair loss 2-3 months after an offending insult where hair
follicles are pushed prematurely from anagen to telogen phase.
Clubbing
Koilonychia
Beau’s lines
Subungual hematoma / Splinter hemorrhages
Color changes of nails
Periungual / subungual tumors
Clubbing
3 major categories :
Idiopathic
Hereditary - congenital
Acquired :
3 types :
Idiopathic
Hereditary
Acquired :
Psoriasis
Lichen planus
Fungal infections
Bacterial infections
Viral infections
Eczemas
Nail psoriasis
Seen in several nails; both finger and toe nails may be affected
Diagnostic signs include extensive irregular pitting, oil drop sign and
onycholysis with erythematous borders.
KOH mount
Mycologic culture
Nail clipping
Radiologic studies
Therapeutic procedures
Nail splinting
Q.1) Which phase of hair cycle has maximum duration among the following?
A. Catagen
B. Telogen
C. Kenogen
D. Anagen