UNIVERSITY VOC COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(A Constituent College of Anna University, Chennai)

THOOTHUKUDI CAMPUS - 628008

ME8712 – TECHNICAL SEMINAR

TITLE : LATHE

NAME : RAJA B
YEAR : IV
BRANCH : MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
 INTRODUCTION
•A lathe is a machine tool that rotates a workpiece about an axis

of rotation to perform various operations such

as cutting, sanding, knurling, drilling, deformation, facing,

and turning, with tools that are applied to the workpiece to create

an object with symmetry about that axis.

•Lathes are used in woodturning, metalworking, metal

spinning, thermal spraying, reclamation, and glass-working.

Ornamental lathes can produce three-dimensional solids of

incredible complexity. The workpiece is usually held in place by

either one or two centre, at least one of which can typically be

moved horizontally to accommodate varying workpiece lengths.

•PARTS OF LATHE MACHINE

• Tailstock

• Leadscrew

• Chuck

• Headstock

• Carriage

• Spindle
HEADSTOCK

•A headstock is a bearing or pedestal for a

revolving or moving part of a lathe that holds
the revolving spindle and its attachments. The
power tool supports and drives a revolving part.

•The headstock is cast iron. It is on the end of

the bed. Once clamped to the end, the
headstock provides the rotational power for the
lathe’s operations. It contains the bearings used
by the lathe to rotate the workpiece against the
tool bit.
TAILSTOCK

• It is movable casting located opposite

the headstock on the ways of the bed.

•It is used for two purposes:

• To support the other end of the work
when being machined, and
• To hold a tool for performing
operations like drilling, reaming,
tapping, etc.
LEADSCREW
•A leadscrew, also known as a power
screw or translation screw, is a screw used as
a linkage in a machine, to translate turning
motion into linear motion. Because of the large area
of sliding contact between their male and
female members, screw threads have
larger frictional energy losses compared to other
linkages.
•They are not typically used to carry high power, but
more for intermittent use in low power actuator and
positioner mechanisms. Leadscrews are commonly
used in linear actuators, machine slides (such as
in machine tools), vises, presses,
and jacks. Leadscrews are a common component in
electric linear actuators.
THE CARRIAGE

The carriage of a lathe is a part that

provides attachments whose function is to
support guide, and control the cutting tool.
These are the main parts of the carriage of
the lathe: The saddle is an H shaped
casting. It fits on the bed. The saddle slides
between the headstock and tailstock. It
carries the cross slide and the tool post.
CHUCK
•A chuck is a specialized type of clamp used to hold
an object with radial symmetry, especially a cylinder.

•Chucks commonly use jaws to hold the tool or

workpiece. The jaws are typically arranged in a
radially symmetrical pattern like the points of a star.

•Chucks on some lathes have jaws that move

independently, allowing them to hold irregularly
shaped objects. More complex designs might include
specially shaped jaws, greater numbers of jaws, or
quick-release mechanisms.
TYPES OF LATHE
• Automatic lathe

• Turret lathe

• CNC lathe

• Speed lathe machine

ADVANTAGES

• The accuracy is very high in the case of CNC

lathes compared to Normal Machining lathes.

• The flow of production is more.

• It requires few operators in a manual lathe.

• The machining in the lathe and CNC lathe was

very fast.
DISADVANTAGES
• Lathe machines can also be dangerous if they are not used properly, Because lathes use
rotating parts, there is a risk of injury if the operator is not careful.

• lathe machines is the high initial cost.

• The main disadvantage of using a lathe machine is that it requires frequent maintenance
due to its high precision.
CONCLUSION
Lathe machines are handy tools for quickly and efficiently producing accurate parts
—especially in manufacturing environments where time is an especially important factor when
considering cost savings. However, like any other tool or piece of equipment, there are advantages and
disadvantages that must be taken into account before investing in one—including cost considerations
and regular maintenance requirements to keep the machine working properly over time. By weighing
all factors carefully before making any decisions, business owners can ensure they make the best
choice possible when deciding whether a lathe machine would benefit their business.