REACTOR DESIGN

Chemical Reactor and Vessel Design – Chemical Engineering Department – Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
Prof. Salwa Raafat– Dr. Hadir Wahid – Eng. Nourhan Hisham
Chemical Reaction
Kinetics
Part 2

Chemical Reactor and Vessel Design – Chemical Engineering Department – Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
Prof. Salwa Raafat– Dr. Hadir Wahid – Eng. Nourhan Hisham
RECALL

Chemical Reactor and Vessel Design – Chemical Engineering Department – Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
Prof. Salwa Raafat– Dr. Hadir Wahid – Eng. Nourhan Hisham
• Elementary reactions

• Composite reactions

• Limiting Reactant
The reactant that is consumed first and limits the amount of product(s) that can be obtained

• Conversion

Chemical Reactor and Vessel Design – Chemical Engineering Department – Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
Prof. Salwa Raafat– Dr. Hadir Wahid – Eng. Nourhan Hisham
IN…REACTED…OUT

Chemical Reactor and Vessel Design – Chemical Engineering Department – Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
Prof. Salwa Raafat– Dr. Hadir Wahid – Eng. Nourhan Hisham
For the following reaction:

Calculate the remained number of moles for

each component (i.e. unreacted A & B and
produced C&D) knowing that fractional
conversion = 0.5 and the fresh feed contains 12
gmole of A and 9 gmole of B.

Chemical Reactor and Vessel Design – Chemical Engineering Department – Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
Prof. Salwa Raafat– Dr. Hadir Wahid – Eng. Nourhan Hisham
REACTION NETWORK

Chemical Reactor and Vessel Design – Chemical Engineering Department – Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
Prof. Salwa Raafat– Dr. Hadir Wahid – Eng. Nourhan Hisham
Find RA, RB, RC & RD for the following reaction
network:
K4

kf1 kf2
2A kb1
B kb2
3C
K5 kf3 kb3
4D

Chemical Reactor and Vessel Design – Chemical Engineering Department – Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
Prof. Salwa Raafat– Dr. Hadir Wahid – Eng. Nourhan Hisham
SHEET 1

Chemical Reactor and Vessel Design – Chemical Engineering Department – Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
Prof. Salwa Raafat– Dr. Hadir Wahid – Eng. Nourhan Hisham
1. Decomposition of phosphine follows the following
stoichiometry:

If an instant rate of decomposition of phosphine is

2 x 10-4 kmole/m3.s, calculate the rate of formation of
phosphorous and hydrogen.

Chemical Reactor and Vessel Design – Chemical Engineering Department – Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
Prof. Salwa Raafat– Dr. Hadir Wahid – Eng. Nourhan Hisham
2. The water gas shift reaction:

is carried out under the different sets of conditions

described below. Assuming that the mixture behaves as
an ideal gas, find the equilibrium conversion of steam for
the following cases: (Hint: Kp = 1 at 830 °C)

a) The reactants consist of 1 mole of water vapor and 1

mole of CO. The temperature is 830 °C and PT = 1 atm.

Chemical Reactor and Vessel Design – Chemical Engineering Department – Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
Prof. Salwa Raafat– Dr. Hadir Wahid – Eng. Nourhan Hisham
b) The same as (a) except that PT = 10 atm.
c) The same as (a) except that 2 moles of N2 are
included in the reactants.
d) The reactants are 2 moles of H2O and 1 mole of CO.
Other conditions are the same as in (a).
e) The reactants are 2 moles of CO and 1 mole of H2O.
Other conditions are the same as in (a).
f) The initial mixture consists of 1 mole of H2O, 1 mole
of CO and 1 mole of CO2. Other conditions are the same
as in (a).
Chemical Reactor and Vessel Design – Chemical Engineering Department – Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
Prof. Salwa Raafat– Dr. Hadir Wahid – Eng. Nourhan Hisham
3. In a study of the effect of temperature on the rate
constant for a certain reaction, the following results
were obtained:

T (K) 573 600 623.5 635

K (s-1) 4.154 26.8 114 246

Evaluate the activation energy and the frequency factor.

Chemical Reactor and Vessel Design – Chemical Engineering Department – Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
Prof. Salwa Raafat– Dr. Hadir Wahid – Eng. Nourhan Hisham
4. The pyrolysis of ethane proceeds with an activation
energy of about 75000 Cal. How much faster is the
decomposition at 650 ºC than at 500 ºC?

Chemical Reactor and Vessel Design – Chemical Engineering Department – Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
Prof. Salwa Raafat– Dr. Hadir Wahid – Eng. Nourhan Hisham
5. The rate of reaction at 40 ºC is three times the rate at
20 ºC. Find activation energy.

Chemical Reactor and Vessel Design – Chemical Engineering Department – Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
Prof. Salwa Raafat– Dr. Hadir Wahid – Eng. Nourhan Hisham
6. The decomposition of ammonia is a first–order
reaction with a half–life of 200s at a certain
temperature. How long will it take the partial
pressure of ammonia to decrease from 0.100 atm to
0.00625 atm?

Chemical Reactor and Vessel Design – Chemical Engineering Department – Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
Prof. Salwa Raafat– Dr. Hadir Wahid – Eng. Nourhan Hisham
7. The gas-phase thermal decomposition of oxygen
difluoride () in the temperature range 230 ˚C to
310˚C has the following stoichiometry:

The following table provides data obtained from a

reaction carried out in a sealed quartz reaction vessel at
296.6 ˚C.

Chemical Reactor and Vessel Design – Chemical Engineering Department – Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
Prof. Salwa Raafat– Dr. Hadir Wahid – Eng. Nourhan Hisham
Chemical Reactor and Vessel Design – Chemical Engineering Department – Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
Prof. Salwa Raafat– Dr. Hadir Wahid – Eng. Nourhan Hisham
(a) Suggest a rate equation for the thermal
decomposition of .
(b) Plot a kinetic reaction profile for at 296.6˚C
and hence demonstrate that the decomposition
reaction cannot be first-order at this temperature.
(c) Using a graphical method, determine the
partial order of reaction with respect to , and
hence the overall order of reaction at 296.6 ˚C.

Chemical Reactor and Vessel Design – Chemical Engineering Department – Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University
Prof. Salwa Raafat– Dr. Hadir Wahid – Eng. Nourhan Hisham