“SEARCH FOR KNOWLEDGE: WORD EDITION”

ESSENTIALSM PERENNIALISM WILLIAM

BAGLEY
ROBERT HUTCHINS MORTIMER
 Philosophical
Perspective
1. TEACHER- CENTERED PHILOSOPHIES
a. ESSENTIALISM
b. PERENNIALISM
 WHAT IS
PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE?
Philosophical perspective represent attitudes
and values that individuals use to evaluate
alternative action options and decide which
ones are preferred.
 WHAT IS TEACHER-
CENTERED PHILOSOPHIES?
Teacher-Centered Philosophies are
essential for the longevity of education
and continued influence of teachers in
the classroom.
 THE TWO TEACHER-
CENTERED PHILOSOPHIES
 ESSENTIALISM

This philosophy stresses core knowledge

in reading, writing, math, science,
history, foreign language, and
technology. The tools include
lecturing, memorization, repetition,
practice, and assessment.
 ESSENTIALISM
 William C. Bagley (1874-1946)
was one of the most influential advocates of essentialism. He
believed that education was not supposed to change society but
to preserve it.
 Traditional way of teaching
 Back to Basic, traditional academic disciplines.
 Refers to traditional
 The teachers impart knowledge mainly through conducting
lectures, during which students are expected to take notes.
 PERENNIALISM

Perennialism is stated as being a cousin to

essentialism because they both advocate
teacher-centered classrooms, both tolerate
little flexibility in the curriculum, both
implement rigorous standards and both aim
to sharpen student knowledge.
 PERENNIALISM
 The word itself means, <eternal=, everlasting.
 Timeless
 Can’t Change
 Classic
 Some Ideas in the past are still relevant today primarily concerned
with the importance of mastery of the content and development of
reasoning skills.
 Focuses on everlasting ideas and universal truths learned from art,
history, and literature.
Thank You!