Chapter 3

lesson 3.9
Exponential
Growth
De Roxas, Rey Alen C.

Lesson 3.9 10-28-2022 1

Exponential Growth

2
Day 0
Day 1
Day 2
Day 3
Day 4
Day 5
Day 6
Day 7
Day 8
 x -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 x -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
f(x) 1 2 4 8 16 f(x) 1 2 4 8 16

+ from slow to + from rapid to

rapid slow

Exponential increase/growth Exponential decrease/decay 12

• Exponential curve grows or decay depends on the exponential function:
In exponential function, the base can be any number greater than 0 except 1

- if the base is greater than 1, the function calculates exponential growth

- if the base is greater than 0 but less than 1, the function calculates
exponential decay

Ethics 13
Examples of Exponential Growth or Decay

Human population Money in the bank

Spoilage of food Treatment of diseases

Radiocarbon dating Sales

Pandemics Consuming

Compounded Interest Population decline

14
Exponential Growth
(Discrete and Continuous Growth)

15
Discrete Growth
- refers to a situation where the quantity or variable increases or changes in distinct,
separate steps or intervals.

- In discrete growth, the change occurs at specific intervals, and the growth is
compounded periodically
Example:
6% annual rate of growth/interest compounded annually,
semiannually, or quarterly

Example of discrete growth

• Interest earned on a bank with monthly compounding
• Investments with annual or quarterly compounding
• Population growth measured at specific time intervals

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 Discrete Growth
A pond got 10 water lilies on it, and it will reproduce by half everyday
and all of its offspring will reproduce by half everyday as well. (Assume that population experiences a discrete growth)
Day 1 Day 3
a + a(b) = a (1 + b)
22.5 + 22.5(.5) = 22.5(1 + 0.5)
10+10(.5)= 10 (1 + 0.5)
t(days) No. of Water Lilies = 10 (1.5)
= 15
Day 2
0 10 15 + 15(.5) =15 (1 + .5)

1 10 +10(.5) = 15 = 10 (1 + 0.5) (1 + 0.5)

t(days) No. of Water
2 15 + 15(.5) = 22.5 Lilies

0 10
3 22.5 + 22.5(.5) = 33.75
1 10 (1 + 0.5)
4 33.75 + 33.75(.5) = 50.625
2
5
3
6
4
7 5
8 6
Discrete Growth
Discrete Growth

Time periods n (interval)

Compounded n=1
annually
Compounded n=2
semiannually
Compounded n=4
monthly
Compounded n = 52
weekly
 Continuous Growth
- refers to a situation where the quantity or variable increases or changes continuously
over time without any interruptions or discrete steps (changes happens at every
instant).
- In continuous growth, the change occurs at an infinite number of infinitesimally small
intervals

- This type of growth is modeled using continuous compounding

- Examples of continuous growth

• Exponential growth processes (continuous population growth)

• Investment with continuous reinvestment of interest
Continuous Growth
initial value = 10
r = 0.5
t= 8

Interval = 2
initial value = 10
r = 0.5
t= 8

Interval = 4
initial value = 10
r = 0.5
t= 8

Interval = 12
initial value = 10
r = 0.5
t= 8

Interval = 365
initial value = 10
r = 0.5
t= 8

Interval = 8760
initial value = 10
r = 0.5
t= 8

Interval = 525 600

initial value = 10
r = 0.5
t= 8

Interval = 31 536 000

initial value = 10
r = 0.5
t= 8
initial value = 10
r = 0.5
t= 8
 Doubling Time

- It is the time it takes for an amount (population or money) to double in size or value
Doubling Time

Discrete growth Continuous growth

 Discrete exponential growth Continuous exponential growth

“compounding annually, semiannually, quarterly, “compounding continuously”

weekly”
Population that “experiences a discrete growth” Population growth
“assumes a discrete growth”
Money growth

38
blem Solving Involving Exponential Growth (Discrete and Continuous Growth)

Miss Cruz puts ₱ 10 000 in time deposit for two years. How much will she have at the of the period if she is given
15% annual rate of interest compounded annually?

= ₱ 13 225
lem Solving Involving Exponential Growth (Discrete and Continuous Growth)

How much will a savings account of ₱ 8 000 amount to if it is compounded quarterly at 6% per annum
for 5 years?

₱
lem Solving Involving Exponential Growth (Discrete and Continuous Growth)

In how many years will it take a certain investment to double itself if the interest is compounded
annually at 6%?
lem Solving Involving Exponential Growth (Discrete and Continuous Growth)

The population of the city is 500 000 and continues to increase at rate of 3% every year.
a. Find the approximate population after 15 years.
b. Find how many years will it take for the population to double.
a. b.
lem Solving Involving Exponential Growth (Discrete and Continuous Growth)

The amount of money in the bank is increased by 12% every month. After 3 years, the amount of
money is exactly ₱18 000.

a.) What is the initial amount of the money?

b.) How many years will it take to get an amount of ₱10 500?
c.) How many years will it take to double the amount?
1 year = 12 months
3 years = 36 months
a.)
lem Solving Involving Exponential Growth (Discrete and Continuous Growth)

The amount of money in the bank is increased by 12% every month. After 3 years, the amount of
money is exactly ₱18 000.

a.) What is the initial amount of the money?

b.) How many years will it take to get an amount of ₱10 500?
c.) How many years will it take to double the amount?
1 year = 12 months
3 years = 36 months
b.)
lem Solving Involving Exponential Growth (Discrete and Continuous Growth)

The amount of money in the bank is increased by 12% every month. After 3 years, the amount of
money is exactly ₱18 000.

a.) What is the initial amount of the money?

b.) How many years will it take to get an amount of ₱10 500?
c.) How many years will it take to double the amount?
1 year = 12 months
3 years = 36 months
c.)
lem Solving Involving Exponential Growth (Discrete and Continuous Growth)

The population of a small suburban town grows exponentially and was 12 000 in 1993 and 21 000 in
1998. In what year the population reach 36 750?
lem Solving Involving Exponential Growth (Discrete and Continuous Growth)

The population of a small suburban town grows exponentially and was 12 000 in 1993 and 21 000 in
1998. In what year the population reach 36 750?
 Discrete exponential growth Continuous exponential growth

“compounding annually, semiannually, quarterly, “compounding continuously”

weekly”
Population that “experiences a discrete growth” Population growth
“assumes a discrete growth”
Money growth
Practice Problems: Exponential Growth
I.
1. Find the amount in 10 years if ₱5 000 is deposited at 6% annual interest compounded semiannually.

2. Suppose a town has an initial population of 5,000 people, and it experiences quarterly population growth of 1.5 %
per annum. Calculate the approximate population after 8 years.

3. What is the amount in the bank after 9 years if ₱26 000 was invested originally at 7.5% annual interest
compounded continuously?

4. How many years will it take a certain investment with an initial amount of ₱16 000 to reach a half million pesos if
the interest is compounded annually at 5.7%

II.
1. The frog population in a small pond grows exponentially. The current population is 85 frogs, and the relative
growth rate is 18% per year
a.) Find the projected population after 3 years
b.) Find the number of years required for the frog population to reach 600.

2. A culture contains 10 000 bacteria initially. After an hour, the bacteria count is 25 000
a.) Find the doubling period
b.) Find the number of bacteria after 3 hours
Practice Problems: Exponential Growth
Due to Peter’s good grades, his father awarded him with an increased allowance. Each day he would
receive an additional 7% of his previous allowance. After 3 weeks, he received a total sum of ₱800

a.) What is the initial amount of the money?

b.) If his father continues to give him an additional allowance, many days will it take to get an
amount of ₱1 200?
c.) How many weeks it took for his initial money to double?
Problem Solving

1. Suppose the population of a bacteria in a container doubles every minute. In an hour, it is exactly full. How ling
did it take to fill half of container.

2. If the population of a city doubles every 20 years, how long does it take to triple?
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