Chapter Twelve

Hardware and Network Troubleshooting

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 220-901 Objectives Covered
• 2.9 Given a scenario, • 4.1 Given a scenario,
troubleshoot common problems
use appropriate related to motherboards, RAM,
CPU and power with appropriate
networking tools. tools.
– Crimper – Common symptoms
• Unexpected shutdowns
– Cable stripper • System lockups
– Multimeter •
•
POST code beeps
Blank screen on bootup
– Tone generator & • BIOS time and settings resets
• Attempts to boot to incorrect
probe device
– Cable tester •
•
Continuous reboots
No power
– Loopback plug • Overheating
• Loud noise
– Punch-down tool • Intermittent device failure
• Fans spin – no power to other
– Wi-Fi analyzer devices
• Indicator lights
• Smoke
• Burning smell
• Proprietary crash screens
(BSOD/pin wheel)
• Distended capacitors
– Tools
• Multimeter
• Power supply tester
• Loopback plugs
• POST card / USB

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 220-901 Objectives Covered
• 4.2 Given a scenario,
troubleshoot hard drives and
RAID arrays with appropriate
tools.
– Common symptoms
• Read/write failure
• Slow performance
• Loud clicking noise
• Failure to boot
•
Drive not recognized
• OS not found
• RAID not found
• RAID stops working
• Proprietary crash screens
(BSOD/pin wheel)
• S.M.A.R.T. errors
– Tools
• Screwdriver
• External enclosures
• CHKDSK
• FORMAT
• File recovery software
• Bootrec
• Diskpart
• Defragmentation tool
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• 4.3 Given a scenario,
troubleshoot common
video, projector and
display issues.
– Common symptoms
• VGA mode
• No image on screen
• Overheat shutdown
• Dead pixels
• Artifacts
• Color patterns incorrect
• Dim image
• Flickering image
• Distorted image
• Distorted geometry
• Burn-in
• Oversized images and
icons
 220-901 Objectives Covered
• 4.4 Given a scenario,
troubleshoot wired and wireless
networks with appropriate tools.
– Common symptoms
• No connectivity
• APIPA/link local address
• Limited connectivity
• Local connectivity
• Intermittent connectivity
• IP conflict
• Slow transfer speeds
• Low RF signal
• SSID not found
– Hardware tools
• Cable tester
• Loopback plug
• Punch-down tools
• Tone generator and probe
• Wire strippers
• Crimper
• Wireless locator
– Command line tools
• PING
• IPCONFIG/IFCONFIG
• TRACERT
• NETSTAT
• NBTSTAT
• NET
• NETDOM
• NSLOOKUP
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• 4.5 Given a scenario, troubleshoot and
repair common mobile device issues
while adhering to the appropriate
procedures.
– Common symptoms
• No display
• Dim display
• Flickering display
• Sticking keys
• Intermittent wireless
• Battery not charging
• Ghost cursor/pointer drift
• No power
• Num lock indicator lights
• No wireless connectivity
• No Bluetooth connectivity
• Cannot display to external monitor
• Touchscreen non-responsive
• Apps not loading
• Slow performance
• Unable to decrypt email
• Extremely short battery life
• Overheating
• Frozen system
• No sound from speakers
• GPS not functioning
• Swollen battery
– Disassembling processes for proper re-
assembly
• Document and label cable and screw
locations.
• Organize parts.
• Refer to manufacturer resources.
• Use appropriate hand tools.
 220-901 Objectives Covered
• 4.6 Given a scenario, troubleshoot printers with
appropriate tools.
– Common symptoms
• Streaks
• Faded prints
• Ghost images
• Toner not fused to the paper
• Creased paper
• Paper not feeding
• Paper jam
• No connectivity
• Garbled characters on paper
• Vertical lines on page
• Backed up print queue
• Low memory errors
• Access denied
• Printer will not print
• Color prints in wrong print color
• Unable to install printer
• Error codes
• Printing blank pages
• No image on printer display
– Tools
• Maintenance kit
• Toner vacuum
• Compressed air
• Printer spooler

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 General Hardware Issues

• Heat
• Noise
• Odors and smoke
• Status lights
• Alerts
• Visible damage

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 General Hardware Issues

• Heat
• Noise
• Odors and smoke
• Status lights
• Alerts
• Visible damage

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 POST Routines

• Beep codes

• POST card

• BIOS issues

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 Specific Core Hardware
Problems
• Motherboards
• CPUs
• Memory
• Power supply
• Cooling
• Storage devices
• DVD/CD-ROMs and other
removable media
• Video issues
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 Laptop Issues
• Power

• Video

• Input

• Network

• Responsiveness

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 Printer Problems

• Dot-matrix

• Inkjet

• Laser

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 Dot Matrix Issues
• Low print quality or missing dots

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 Dot Matrix Issues
Paper jam issues
•Three general causes of printer jams:
1.Obstructed paper path,
2.Stripped drive gears, and
3.Wrong paper used.

Stepper Motor Problems

•Carriage motor moves the print head back and forth and the
main motor advance paper.
•If the main motor is damaged (which is more likely to happen),
lines of print will be unevenly spaced
•If the print head motor goes bad, characters will be scrunched
together.
•If a stepper motor is damaged badly enough, it won’t move at
all
•Replace but very expensive!

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 Inkjet Printer Issues
• Print Quality
• 99% of quality issues can be traced to a faulty ink cartridge
• Example, thin blank lines in every line of text on the page.
This is caused by a plugged hole in at least one of the
small, pinhole ink nozzles in the print cartridge.
• If an ink cartridge becomes damaged or develops a hole, it
can put too much ink on the page and the letters will smear.
• Faded print
• For all the above – Replace cartridge
• The print quickly goes from dark to light and then prints
nothing. PS: ink cartridges dry out if not used hencethe
suction If this priming pump is broken or malfunctioning,
this problem will manifest itself - Replace pump

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 Inkjet Printer Issues
Color Output Problems

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 Managing Print Jobs

• Print queue

• Print spooler

• Printing a test page

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 Networking – Connectivity
Issues
• No connectivity
• APIPA and link local addresses
• Address conflicts
• Limited or local connectivity
• Intermittent connectivity
• SSID not found

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 Hardware Tools

• Wire strippers and crimpers

• Multimeter
• Toner probe
• Cable tester
• Punch-down tool
• Loopback plug
• Wireless locator

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 Software Tools

• PING
• IPCONFIG
• TRACERT
• NETSTAT
• NBTSTAT
• NET
• NETDOM
• NSLOOKUP
© Wiley Inc. 2015. All Rights Reserved.
 Software Tools

• PING
• IPCONFIG
• TRACERT
• NETSTAT
• NBTSTAT
• NET
• NETDOM
• NSLOOKUP
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