The Range and Value of

Research in the
Area of Inquiry and Interest
PRACTICAL RESEARCH
GROUP 3
The research title

The title summarizes the main idea or ideas of your study. A good title contains the fewest
possible words that adequately describe the contents and /or purpose of your research paper.

The title is without doubt the part of a paper that is read the most ,and it is usually read
first.of the title is too long it usually contains too many unnecessary words,e.g, “A study to
Investigate the.”On the other hand, a title which is too short often uses words which are too
general. For example,”African Politics”could be the title of a book,but it does not provide any
information on the focus of a research paper.
Generally,the title should(Vizcarra,2003)

 1.Summarize the main idea of the paper

 2.be a concise statement of the main topic
 3.Include the major variable/s;
 4.Show the relationship of the main Variables of the study
 5.Include the main task of the researcher about the major variables under study;and
 6.Mention the participants (in general manner) and the setting.
Create a Working Title

 Typically;the final title you submit to your professor is created after the research is
complete so that the title accurately captures what was done.The working title should be
developed early in the research process because it can help anchor the focus of the study
in much the same way the research problem does.Referring back to the working title can
help you reorient yourself back to the main purpose of the study if you feel yourself
drifting off on a tangent while writing.
The final Title

EFFECTIVE TITLES IN ACADEMIC RESEARCH PAPERS HAVE SEVERAL CHARACTERISTICS.

•Indicate accurately the subject and scope of the study.
•Avoid using abbreviations.
•Use words that create a positive impression and stimulate reader interest
•Use current nomenclature from the field of study.
•Identify key variables,both dependent and independent.
•May reveal how the paper will be organized.
•suggest a relationship between variables which supports the major hypothesis
•Is limited to 10 to 15 substantive words.
•Do not include “study of”, analysis of”or similar constructions.
•Titles are usually in the form of a phrase,but can also be in the form of a question.
•use correct grammar and capitalization with all first words and last words capitalized,
including the first words of the title are also capitalized.
•In academic papers,rarely is a title followed by an exclamation mark.However,a title or
subtitle can be in the form of a question.
 In general,there are three types of resources or sources of information primary,secondary ,and tertiary ,it
is important to understand these types and to know what type is appropriate for your coursework prior to
searching for information.
1.Primary sources are original materials on which other research is based including:
•original written works-poems,diaries,court records,interviews ,surveys ,and original research/academic
journals.
2.Secondary sources are those that describe or analyze primary sources,
Including:
•reference materials-dictionaries,encyclopedias,textbooks, books and articles that interpret,review,or
synthesize orginal research/fieldwork.
3.Teriary sources are those used to organize and locate secondary and primary sources.
•Indexes-provide citations that fully identify a work with information such as author ,titles of
a book , article, and /or journal,publisher and publication date,volume and issue number and
page numbers.
•Abstracts –summarize the primary or secondary sources
•Databases-are online indexes that usually include abstracts for each primary or secondary
resource,and may also include a digital copy of the resource.
SOURCES OF A PROBLEM according to
Vizcarra(2003)

1.When there is dissatisfaction in services and information

2.Problems may be encountered in classroom or at work.
3.Breakthroughs in science and technology may present unexpected problems.
4.Research thrusts and priorities of certain organizations
5.Miscinceptions of culture.
Considerations in formulating research
problems(Cristobal &Cristobal.2016)

A,External Criteria
1.Novelty-the topic must not have been used by many researchers.
2.Availability of subjects.Think of study participants who are within you reach.
3.Administrative support.This refers to the aid or the assistance that can be solicited from the
school or extended by the community.
4.Availability and adequacy of facilities and equipment.
5.Ethical considerations.Ensures that all activities to be undertaken are acceptable and are
done in accordance with what is legal and morally right.
B.Internal criteria
1.Experience ,training and professional qualifications.
2.Motivation,interest , intellectual curiosity,and perceptiveness of the researcher.
3.Time Factor
4.Costs and returns
5.Hazards,penalties,and handicaps
According to Vizcarra (2003)

 There should be e theme in writing the background of the study,The theme selves as an
outline so that there is continuity of ides.The theme is based on the important variables of
the study ,their scope,nature and characteristics Furthermore,the presentation must be
from macro to micro, sometimes known as the deductive approach to data presentation