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1stQ.3.5 Chemical Formulas Naming Writing
1stQ.3.5 Chemical Formulas Naming Writing
CHEMICAL FORMULA
Learning Competencies
+1 +4 0
or
+2 +3 -4 -3 -2 -1
-3 0 +2 +2 -1 0
+1 +2 -1 -2 +1 -1
-2 + -3 + -1 0
1 1
NAMING IONIC COMPOUNDS
Rules for Naming Ions
Na Na +
+ e -
Mg Mg +2
+ 2e -
F + e -
F -
S + 2e -
S -2
Examples:
The name of chlorine’s ion:
chlor- + -ide = chloride
The name of nitrogen’s ion:
nitr- + -ide = nitride
Examples of naming ions:
The name of calcium’s ion:
calcium
(The names of metals don’t change!)
The name of oxygen’s ion:
ox- + -ide = oxide
The name of aluminum’s ion:
aluminum
(The names of metals don’t change!)
Learning Check
CaBr2
calcium bromide
3. SrCl2 4. Li2S
strontium chloride lithium sulfide
5. CaO 6. KI
calcium oxide potassium iodide
Learning Check
Name the ionic compounds that are found on your notes.
calcium chloride
potassium sulfide
potassium permanganate
barium oxide
ammonium chloride
cesium chloride
magnesium sulfate
sodium bromide
aluminum phosphide
You can also determine the formula of an ionic
compound from its name. To do this, you will need to
use what you already know about the Periodic Table.
magnesium iodide
Mg +2 I -
MgI2
Step 1: Write the symbol of the metal ion.
Step 2: Write the symbol of the nonmetal ion.
Step 3: Determine the charges using the periodic table.
Step 4: Determine the formula from the ions.
Remember that the names of transition
metals include their charge because their
charges are less predictable.
What are the charges of the transition
metals below:
+2
Iron (II) _______ +3
Iron (III) _______
+2
Copper (II) _______ +1
Copper (I) _______
+4
Tin (IV) _______ +2
Tin (II) _______
+2
Lead (II) _______ +4
Lead (IV) _______
We know they are positive because
metals are always positive.
The charges of the transition metals are important when
you are determining the formula of an ionic compound.
iron (III) oxide
Fe +3 O -2
Fe2O3
Step 1: Write the symbol of the cation.
Step 2: Write the symbol of the anion.
Step 3: Determine the charges using the periodic table
and the roman numerals.
Step 4: Determine the formula from the ions.
Helpful Hint:
If the ion ends in –ide, it is probably
from the periodic table. If the ion
ends in –ate or –ite, it is a
polyatomic ion.
Examples:
sulfate sulfide sulfite
SO4 -2
S -2
SO3 -2
N -3
NO2 -
NO3 -
Learning Check
Write the formula of each of the ionic compounds named on your notes.
KI
SnCl4
BaSO4
NaCl
SrS
CuCO3
AlBr3
Li3N
NAMING BINARY COVALENT
COMPOUNDS
shared
electrons
Nonmetals
C C I
I C I
Important Facts:
Because hydrogen only has 1 proton and 1 electron,
it behaves differently than any other element on the
periodic table of elements.
Hydrogen can
donate its 1
H+ electron. H
Hydrogen can 2
share
Hydrogen can
electrons.
gain 1
H- electron.
N2O4 N2O3
Each of these contains a different ratio of elements.
Because of this, we have to make sure that the name
of the compound explains the correct ratio.
To show the
correct ratio of
elements, we
use prefixes.
Steps for Naming
Binary Covalent Compounds
N2O4
dinitrogen
nitrogen tetroxide
oxide
mono- ____________
monoxide di- ____________
dioxide
trioxide
tri- ____________ tetroxide
tetra- ____________
pentoxide
penta- ____________ hexa- ____________
hexoxide
hepta- ____________
heptoxide octoxide
octa- ____________
nona- ____________
nonoxide deca- ____________
decoxide
Learning Check
Name the binary covalent compounds that are found on your notes.
carbon dioxide
carbon disulfide
phosphorous tribromide
phosphorous pentabromide
diphosphorous pentasulfide
dinitrogen monosulfide
silicon disulfide
nitrogen tribromide
dinitrogen tetrachloride
Because of the prefixes, it is very
easy to go from the name of a binary
covalent compound to its formula.
dinitrogen tetrafluoride
N2 F4
Step 1: Write the symbol of the first nonmetal and
the subscript that matches the prefix.
Step 2: Write the symbol of the second nonmetal
and the subscript that matches the prefix.
Learning Check
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