CHAPTER 3

QUANTUM PHYSICS
TOPIC I
3.1 INTRODUCTION
 During nineteenth century there was a particle model to
explain the properties of matter and a wave model to
explain light.
 Mechanics and electromagnetism together appeared to be
able to explain everything.
 All that remained was to find a link between the two and
the Theory of Everything would be complete. But the
physic world was shocked with the new finding.
 The new finding were:
 Black body radiation
 Photoelectric
 These two problem can be solve by the creation of a
Photon
3.2 PLANCK’S QUANTUM THEORY
THE BLACK BODY
3.3 PHOTOS AND ELECTROMAGNETIC
WAVES ENERGY
EXAMPLE 1
EXAMPLE 2
3.4 THE PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT
3.5 EINSTEIN’S THEORY OF PHOTOELECTRIC
EFFECT
EXAMPLE 3
 The threshold wavelength of light for a given surface is
600 nm. What is the kinetic energy of emitted electrons
if light of wavelength 450 nm shines on the metal?
 hc l = 600 nm
W  K

hc hc
 K
 0 A

hc hc
1240 1240 ;
K    K = 2.76 eV – 2.07 eV
 0 450 nm 600 nm

KK==0.690
0.690eV
eV Or KK==1.10
1.10xx10
10-19-19JJ
EXAMPLE 4
 The work function for a silver surface is Wo = 4.74 eV.
Calculate the
 a) minimum frequency that light must have to eject electrons
from the surface.
 b) maximum wavelength that light must have to eject
electrons from the surface
(Given c = 3.00 x 108 m s-1, h = 6.63 x 10-34 J s 1 eV=1.60 x
10-19 J, me = 9.11 x 10-31 kg, e = 1.60 x 10-19 C)
EXAMPLE 5
EXAMPLE 6
EXERCISE 1
 What is the maximum kinetic energy of electrons ejected
from calcium by 420 nm violet light, given the work
function for calcium metal is 2.71 eV? (Given c = 3.00 x
108 m s-1, h = 6.63 x 10-34 J s 1 eV=1.60 x 10-19 J, me
= 9.11 x 10-31 kg, e = 1.60 x 10-19 C)
EXERCISE 2