It is relatively thin part

of the
earth's crust which
underlie the
ocean basins.
 What are the THREE TYPES
OF CONVERGENT
What are the THREE TYPES BOUNDARY?
OF BOUNDARIES?
Convergent boundary Continental-oceanic

Divergent boundary Oceanic-oceanic

Transform fault boundary Continental-

continental
 DIVERGENT
BOUNDARY

CONVERGENT
BOUNDARY

TRANSFORM-
FAULT
BOUNDARY
 A type of boundary where
plates move apart in DIVERGENT
opposite direction. BOUNDARY

A type of boundary where plates

CONVERGENT
collide with each other or moving
towards each other. BOUNDARY

TRANSFORM- A type of boundary where plates slide

or grind with each other without
FAULT diverging or converging.
BOUNDARY
It is the relatively
thick part of the
earth's crust that forms
the large landmasses.
It is generally older
and more complex
than the oceanic crust.
Subduction is a process that
occurs when two tectonic
plates meet at convergent
boundaries, and one of the
plates moves under the other
one due to gravity and
differences in density.
Mid-ocean
ridges occur
along
divergent
plate
boundaries,
where new
ocean floor is
created as
the Earth's
tectonic
plates spread
apart.
Ocean trenches are long, narrow
depressions on the seafloor; the
deepest part of the ocean .
A rift valley is a lowland region
that forms where Earth's tectonic
plates move apart, or rift.
A curving
chain of
active
volcanoes
formed
above a
subduction
zone and
adjacent to
a
convergent
plate
boundary.
 LEARNING TASK NO. 1: HEAD–ON COLLISION
PART A: CONVERGING CONTINENTAL PLATE AND OCEANIC PLATE
Directions: Study the figure below showing a cross-sectional diagram of plates that are converging, and answer the questions that follow.

Q1. What type of plate is Plate A? What about Plate B? Why do

you say so?
Plate A is an oceanic plate and plate B is a continental
plate because Plate A which is an oceanic plate is
located under the ocean while there is mountain
building above plate B which is a continental plate.
Q2. Describe what happens to Plate A as it collides with Plate B?
Why?
Plate A which is an oceanic plate subducts with Plate B
which is a continental plate. Plate A undergoes
subduction process or the bending of the crust
towards the mantle. This is because oceanic plate is
denser than continental plate.
 LEARNING TASK NO. 1: HEAD–ON COLLISION
PART A: CONVERGING CONTINENTAL PLATE AND OCEANIC PLATE
Directions: Study the figure below showing a cross-sectional diagram of plates that are converging, and answer the questions that follow.

Q3. What do you think will happen to the leading edge of Plate A
as it continues to move downward? Why?

The leading Plate A will eventually reach the mantle.

Since the mantle is hotter than the crust, the
subducted crust will melt forming a molten material.

Q4. What do you call this molten material? (Refer to your answer
in Q3)

This molten material is called a magma.

 LEARNING TASK NO. 1: HEAD–ON COLLISION
PART A: CONVERGING CONTINENTAL PLATE AND OCEANIC PLATE
Directions: Study the figure below showing a cross-sectional diagram of plates that are converging, and answer the questions that follow.

Q5. What is geologic feature will formed on top of Plate B? How

about on Plate A?

A volcanic arc will form on top of Plate B while on

Plate A, a trench will be formed.

Q6. As the plates continue to grind against each other, what other
geologic event could take place?

Occurrence of earthquake
A SUBDUCTION is a process where
the crust bends towards the mantle .
Usually during a convergence of
oceanic and continental plate , the
oceanic plate subducts with
continental plate .

A VOLCANIC ARC is a curving chain of

active volcanoes formed above a
subduction zone and adjacent to a
convergent plate boundary. This is
formed out of the convergence of
OCEANIC PLATE AND CONTINENTAL
PLATE.
A TRENCH also called
submarine valleys are the
deepest part of the ocean .
One of the deepest is the
Philippine Trench with a
depth of 10540 meters. This
is one important geologic
feature that is form under
the ocean when an oceanic
plate converge with
continental plate .
 LEARNING TASK NO. 1: HEAD–ON COLLISION
PART B: CONVERGENCE OF TWO OCEANIC PLATES
Directions: Study the figure below showing a cross-sectional diagram of two converging oceanic plates, and answer the questions that follow.

Q7. What are the geologic processes/events that will occur

because of this plate movement?

Converging oceanic plates will cause formation of

trenches and this trenches will become sources of
earthquakes.

Q8. What geologic features might form at the surface of Plate A?

There will be a formation of volcanic island arc parallel

to the trench.
 LEARNING TASK NO. 1: HEAD–ON COLLISION
PART B: CONVERGENCE OF TWO OCEANIC PLATES
Directions: Study the figure below showing a cross-sectional diagram of two converging oceanic plates, and answer the questions that follow.

Q9. If the edge of Plate A suddenly flicks upward, a large amount

of water may be displaced. What could be formed at the surface
of the ocean?

There will be an occurrence of underwater

earthquakes which the stronger ones can generate
tsunamis. The Japanese term for “harbor waves“,
tsunami is a series of ocean waves with very long
wavelengths caused by large-scale disturbances of the
ocean.
 LEARNING TASK NO. 1: HEAD–ON COLLISION
PART B: CONVERGENCE OF TWO CONTINENTAL PLATES
Directions: Study the figure below showing a cross-sectional diagram of two converging continental plates, and answer the questions that follow.

Q10. What will happen when two continental plates converge or

collide with each other?

When two continental plates converge, a collision

zone is formed.

Q11. What geologic features might form at the Earth's crust?

There will be a formation of mountain ranges.

 LEARNING TASK NO. 1: HEAD–ON COLLISION
PART B: CONVERGENCE OF TWO CONTINENTAL PLATES
Directions: Study the figure below showing a cross-sectional diagram of two converging continental plates, and answer the questions that follow.

Q12. Why are volcanoes not formed in the convergence of two

continental plates?

There is no formation of volcanoes because

subduction ceases for this particular type of
convergence.
Q13. Why is there no subduction when two continental plates
converge?

When two continental plates converge, what happens

is there will be a collision between the two plates.
Subduction is impossible between two colliding
continental plates, pressure is released by pushing the
crusts upward forming mountain ranges.
A mountain range or
hill range is a series of
mountains or hills
arranged in a line and
connected by high
ground . This geologic
feature is formed out of
the collision between twoThe Himalayas is the highest mountain range in the
world, and has 9 out of 10 of the world's highest peaks,
continental plates. including Mount Everest. These mountains, referred to
as the Third Pole, are the source of some of Asia's
major rivers and also help to regulate our planet's
climate.
 LEARNING TASK NO. 2: GOING SEPARATE WAYS
Directions: Analyze the photographs of rift valleys (first two pictures) and oceanic ridges (last two pictures below) and answer the questions.

Q14. What type of plate boundary is present in the four pictures?

Divergent boundary
Q15. What geologic feature is being represented by the two
pictures on top? How about the two pictures below?

The two picture on top represents a rift valley while

the two pictures below represents a oceanic ridge.
Q16. What is the indication why your answers from Q15 is
formed?

The formation of rift valleys and oceanic ridges is an

indication that the crust is spreading or splitting apart.
 LEARNING TASK NO. 2: GOING SEPARATE WAYS
Directions: Analyze the photographs of rift valleys (first two pictures) and oceanic ridges (last two pictures below) and answer the questions.

Q17. Where does the most divergent boundaries situated?

Most divergent boundaries are situated along

underwater mountain ranges called oceanic ridges.

Q18. What is formed when two oceanic plates diverge?

Formation of ocean ridges or mid-ocean ridges

Q19. What is formed when two continental plates diverge?

Formation of rift valleys

A rift valley is a lowland
region that forms where
Earth's tectonic plates move
apart, or rift.
The massive mid-ocean A Mid-ocean ridge is an
ridge system is a continuous elevated region with a central
range of underwater valley on an ocean floor at
volcanoes that wraps around the boundary between two
the globe like seams on a diverging tectonic plates
baseball , stretching nearly where new crust forms from
65,000 kilometers (40,390 upwelling magma.
miles). The majority of the
system is underwater, with
an average water depth to
the top of the ridge of 2,500
meters (8,200 feet).
LEARNING TASK NO. 3: SIDE BY SIDE
Directions: Study the figure below and answer the following questions.

Q20. What type of plate boundary occur between North American

Plate and Pacific Plate?

Transform fault boundary

Q21. What geologic features might form at this type of plate

boundary?

shallow earthquakes, large lateral displacement of

rock, and a broad zone of crustal deformation
Q22. What is the famous landform that is formed in the figure?

San Andreas Fault

 LEARNING TASK 4: PROFILING THE PLATES
Directions: Complete the profile of the types of plate boundaries by filling out the table.

Convergent Boundary
Movement of the Plates Moving towards each other
Geologic Features/Events Mountains, Volcanoes, Trenches and Earthquakes
Processes occur in the plates • Subduction
• Colliding with each other and forming new geologic features
• Crust is destroyed as one plate dives under another
Real life Examples of Plate Boundary • Himalaya Mountains in Central Asia
• Western Andes Mountains in South America
• Northern Cascade Mountains in the Pacific Northwest
America
 LEARNING TASK 4: PROFILING THE PLATES
Directions: Complete the profile of the types of plate boundaries by filling out the table.

Divergent Boundary
Movement of the Plates Away from each other
Geologic Features/Events • Rift Valleys
• Oceanic Ridges
• Earthquakes
Processes occur in the plates • Earthquakes are common
• Magma (molten rock) rises from the Earth's mantle to the
surface, solidifying to create new oceanic crust
Real life Examples of Plate Boundary • Mid-Atlantic Ridge
 LEARNING TASK 4: PROFILING THE PLATES
Directions: Complete the profile of the types of plate boundaries by filling out the table.

Transform Fault Boundary

Movement of the Plates Sliding past each other
Geologic Features/Events • Earthquakes
Processes occur in the plates • Two plates move laterally and pass each other along giant
fractures in Earth’s crust.
Real life Examples of Plate Boundary • San Andreas Fault
convergent transform-fault

divergent

rift valleys ocean ridges earthquakes

trenches volcanic arcs mountain ranges

You are an oceanographer and want to map the ocean
floor on the east coast of the Philippines. As you do your
study, you notice that there is a portion in the ocean floor
which is relatively much deeper than the rest. What most
likely is that deeper part?
A. oceanic ridge
B. rift valley
C. trench
D. mountain range
When two tectonic plates collide, the oceanic crust
usually subducts beneath the continental crust
because it is

A. denser than continental crust

B. less dense than continental crust
C. thicker than continental crust
Right in the middle of an island, you can find
a rift valley. What type of plate boundary
exists on that island?

A. convergent
B. divergent
C. transform fault
When a convergent boundary occurs between two
oceanic plates, what will happen to one of those
plates?

A. The plate will subduct beneath to the other

plate. B. The plate will subduct toward to the other
plate.
C. The plate will move away to the other plate.
D. The plate will move toward to the other plate.
What geologic features resulted from the collision
of the two continental plates?

A. volcanic island arc

B. fault
C. mountain
D. earthquake epicenter
You are an oceanographer and want to map the ocean
floor on the east coast of the Philippines. As you do your
study, you notice that there is a portion in the ocean floor
which is relatively much deeper than the rest. What most
likely is that deeper part?
A. oceanic ridge
B. rift valley
C. trench
D. mountain range
When two tectonic plates collide, the oceanic crust
usually subducts beneath the continental crust
because it is

A. denser than continental crust

B. less dense than continental crust
C. thicker than continental crust
Right in the middle of an island, you can find
a rift valley. What type of plate boundary
exists on that island?

A. convergent
B. divergent
C. transform fault
When a convergent boundary occurs between two
oceanic plates, what will happen to one of those
plates?

A. The plate will subduct beneath to the other

plate. B. The plate will subduct toward to the other
plate.
C. The plate will move away to the other plate.
D. The plate will move toward to the other plate.
What geologic features resulted from the collision
of the two continental plates?

A. volcanic island arc

B. fault
C. mountain
D. earthquake epicenter