APUSH

APUSH
The Long Essay
 Long Essay rubric
• Thesis 1 point
• Contextualization 1 point
• Evidence 2 points
• Analysis and reasoning:
– Historical reasoning: comparison, ccot,
causation
– Complexity: corroborate, qualify, modify
 Thesis
• Makes a historical claim
• Establishes a line of reasoning
• Answers all parts of the question
• Does not just restate the prompt
 Contextualization
• Describe a broader historical
context relevant to the prompt
• May be before, during, or after the
time period of the prompt
• Must show LINK to argument
 Using Evidence
• Addresses the topic of the question
with specific examples of relevant
evidence
• Support an argument using specific
and relevant examples of evidence
Analysis and Reasoning
Comparison
HTS: Compare and Contrast
• Words that show compare:
Akin allied analogous both
companion comparable
complementary congruent
correlative corresponding identical
in agreement like matching parallel
they were the same similarly
 HTS compare and contrast

• Words that show contrast:

Altered clashing contrary
contrastingdeviating discrepant
disparate divergent incomparable
inconsistent individual opposed
otherwise unalike unequal
varied they were different
Causation
 HTS: Cause and effect
Cause Effect
Origin Aftermath side
effect
Source Consequence backlash
Root Outcome conclusion
Basis Ramification eventually
Beginning Reaction
Determinant Repercussion
grounds response
Other key terms: long-term and short-term cause and
effect, coincidence, correlation
Continuity and Change
Over Time
HTS.. Continuity and change over time
Words that show change:
Adjust alter add adjust
advance break cease develop
morph modified move revise
reversal shift switch transform
transition it changed now
immediately afterward at once
previously formerly
HTS: Continuity and Change Over
Time
• Words that show continuity:
Carry forward carry on
endure extend maintain persevere
persist preserve remain retain
survive sustain unceasing stay
constant
 Analysis and Reasoning
• Complexity:
– corroborate,
– Qualify
– modify
 Do’s
• Read the question
• AP answer the prompt
• Defend your argument with history
• Be a name-dropper
• Be specific
• Be organized
• Have a good thesis
• Analyze: so what, who cares?
• Use the PAST tense
 Power words:
• Controversial
• Turning point
• Inevitable
• More importantly
• To a greater extent
 Don’ts
• Use grandiose statements
• Use slang
• Use generalization
• Ignore the question
• Be silly
• Use the word “I”
• Use rhetorical questions
 No No words:
Very many things lots
of stuff huge good/bad ways
Things continued to change
Since Jamestown
Throughout history