MCJ - SOCIOLOGY OF CRIME

1 CRIMINOLOGY – CRIMINAL LAW

 MCJ - SOCIOLOGY OF CRIME FAKULTI
UNDANG-UNDANG
___________
1 CRIMINOLOGY – CRIMINAL LAW faculty of law

WHAT IS THE the scientific study of

RELATIONSHIP ?
crime as a social
phenomenon, of
criminals, and of
CRIMINOLOGY penal treatment.
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/crimin
ology

The scientific study of

‘the use of scientific methods in the crime and criminals.
study and analysis of regularities, https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/criminol
ogy
uniformities, patterns and causal
relationships concerned with crime,
criminals and criminal behaviour.’
 MCJ - SOCIOLOGY OF CRIME FAKULTI
UNDANG-UNDANG
___________
1 CRIMINOLOGY – CRIMINAL LAW faculty of law

WHAT IS THE
RELATIONSHIP ?

the law of crimes and their

CRIMINAL punishments
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/criminal%20law

LAW A system of law concerned with the

punishment of offenders.
https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/criminal_law
 MCJ - SOCIOLOGY OF CRIME FAKULTI
UNDANG-UNDANG
___________
1 CRIMINOLOGY – CRIMINAL LAW faculty of law

WHAT IS THE
RELATIONSHIP ? • An action or omission which constitutes an offence
and is punishable by law
• Illegal activities.
• An action or activity considered to be evil, shameful,
or wrong.
CRIME https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/crime

1: an illegal act for which someone can be punished by

the government especially : a gross violation of law
2: a grave offense especially against morality
3: criminal activity
4: something reprehensible, foolish, or disgracefulIt's
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/crime
 MCJ - SOCIOLOGY OF CRIME FAKULTI
UNDANG-UNDANG
___________
1 CRIMINOLOGY – CRIMINAL LAW faculty of law

WHAT IS THE
RELATIONSHIP ?
The system of law enforcement that is
directly involved in apprehending,
CRIMINAL prosecuting, defending, sentencing,
JUSTICE and punishing those who are suspected
or convicted of criminal offenses.
SYSTEM https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/
criminal_justice_system
 MCJ - SOCIOLOGY OF CRIME FAKULTI
UNDANG-UNDANG
___________
1 CRIMINOLOGY – CRIMINAL LAW faculty of law

WHAT IS THE
RELATIONSHIP ?

CRIMINAL
CRIMINAL JUSTICE
LAW SYSTEM
CRIMINOLOGY
CRIME
CRIMINALS
CRIMINAL
BEHAVIOUR
 MCJ - SOCIOLOGY OF CRIME FAKULTI
UNDANG-UNDANG
___________
1 CRIMINOLOGY – CRIMINAL LAW faculty of law

WHAT IS THE
RELATIONSHIP ?

CRIMINOLOGY CRIME

CRIMINAL
LAW

* CRIMINOLOGY MUST BE BASED ON THE LEGAL

CONCEPT
 MCJ - SOCIOLOGY OF CRIME FAKULTI
UNDANG-UNDANG
___________
1 CRIMINOLOGY – CRIMINAL LAW WHAT IS THE faculty of law
RELATIONSHIP ?
criminal behaviour is tied to the criminal law
No matter which definition of crime we embrace, criminal behaviour is tied to the
criminal law. It is therefore important to all criminologist to have some
understanding of its development of criminal law, its objectives, its elements and
how it evolves.
Siegel, L – Criminology: the core.

criminology is a descriptive, empirical and non-normative science [but] the subject

of its investigation cannot be defined without criteria that rest upon social
evaluations. Empirical studies of criminology should always be based upon
existing legal definitions of the concept of criminality if a well defined and
controllable mass of knowledge is to be obtained.
Hurwitz and christiansen

criminological research, rather than examining a wide area of deviating behaviour,

should be concern itself solely with the behaviour defined in the criminal law.
Tappan:
 MCJ - SOCIOLOGY OF CRIME FAKULTI
UNDANG-UNDANG
___________
1 CRIMINOLOGY – CRIMINAL LAW faculty of law

WHAT IS THE
RELATIONSHIP ?
* CRIMINOLOGY MUST
BE BASED ON THE
LEGAL CONCEPT
HOW TO DEAL WITH THE PROBLEM?
BUT
 Concept or definition of ‘crime’
• not all ‘crime’ (or social
independence of criminal law;
wrong) are legally
criminalised!
How?
• And criminal law is not that
Two perspectives:
stable: constant
offenders = deviants
decriminalisation and
criminalisation (note:
crime is a social fact; anti-social
regulatory ‘offences’ – are
behaviour
they ‘crime’?)
 MCJ - SOCIOLOGY OF CRIME FAKULTI
UNDANG-UNDANG
___________
1 CRIMINOLOGY – CRIMINAL LAW faculty of law

WHAT IS THE
RELATIONSHIP ? * CRIMINOLOGY MUST BE BASED ON THE
LEGAL CONCEPT?
‘Crime is a violation of society rules of behaviour as interpreted and
expressed by criminal law, which reflects public opinion, traditional
values, <reflect consensus perspective> and the viewpoint of people
currently holding social and political power <conflict perspective>.
Individuals who violate these rules are subject it sanctions by state
authority, social stigma <interactionist view> and loss of status.’ Siegel

Defining crime is Complex!!

No one philosophy can adequately explain … why differing forms of
activity are deemed criminal. Morality, economics, politics, power, public
administration, public order and public safety all play a part.
K.William
 MCJ - SOCIOLOGY OF CRIME FAKULTI
UNDANG-UNDANG
___________
1 CRIMINOLOGY – CRIMINAL LAW faculty of law

WHAT IS THE
RELATIONSHIP ?
TRANS/INTER
CRIMINOLOGY DISCIPLINARY
APPROACH
SOCIAL SCIENCE
LAW
MEDICAL SCIENCE
PSYCHOLOGY
POLITICS
ECONOMICS
PHILOSOPHY