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Presentation Based On Chapter 6 of The Text Book
Presentation Based On Chapter 6 of The Text Book
1
Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Learning Objectives
The random variable W = R/σ is called the relative range. The parameters of
the distribution of W are a function of the sample size n. The mean of W is d2.
Consequently, an estimator of σ is σˆ R/d2. Values of d2 for various sample
sizes are given in Appendix Table VI. Therefore, if is the average range of the m
preliminary samples, we may use:
• There is no mathematical or
statistical relationship
between the control limits
and the specification limits
Chapter 6 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 7th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 25
Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Rational Subgroups
• x charts monitor between-sample variability
• R charts measure within-sample variability
• Standard deviation estimate of used to construct
control limits is calculated from within-sample
variability
• It is not correct* to estimate using (see the next
display)
Suppose that the standards given are μ and σ. Then the parameters of
the x-bar chart are in Equations 6.14 and 6.15 (A can be read from Appendix
Table VI).
To construct the R chart with a standard value of σ, recall that σ = R/d2, where
d2 is the mean of the distribution of the relative range. Furthermore, the
standard deviation of R is σR =d3σ, where d3 is the standard deviation of the
distribution of the relative range. Therefore, the parameters of the control chart
are in Equation 6.16.
• Borror, Montgomery, and Runger (1999) report that the in-control ARL is dramatically
affected by nonnormal data
• One approach for nonnormal data is to determine control limits for individuals control chart
based on percentiles of correct underlying distribution
– Requires at least 100 and preferably 200 observations
– Transformations can also be useful