BASIC PRESENTATION ON

SPEED CONTROL OF INDUCTION MOTOR

 Flow of Presentation

 Introduction

 Requirement of speed control

 Type of method to control of induction motor

 Advantage and disadvantage

 Conclusion
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Introduction

 Various method of controlling of speed of induction motor

can be visualized by equation
N S
 (1  S)n s

 Rotating magnetic field with constant magnitude is produce

rotating with a speed
120 f
NS p
 Where f = Frequency
 p= No. of pole

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Requirement of speed control

 Speed control means change the drive speed as desired by the process to maintain
different process parameter at different load.

 Energy saving.

 Speed control is different concept from speed regulation where there is a natural
change in speed due to change on load on the shaft.

 Speed control either done is manually by the operation or by the means of some
automatic control device.

 Low speed starting requirement.

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 Method of speed control of induction motor

 Stator voltage control

 Stator frequency control

 Stator current control

 V/F control

 Static rotor resistance control

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Stator voltage control

 Synchronous speed
120 f
NS p

 Toque equation

2
T w

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• ROTOR RESISTANCE R2 IS CONSTANT AND SLIP IS SMALL TO Sx2 IS SO
SMALL THAT CAN BE NEGLETED THERE FOR T proportional to sE2^2 ,
WHERE E2 IS ROTOR INDUSE EMF AND HENCE T PROPRTINAL TO V^2

• THIS METHOD ESSY AND SIMPLE.

• STIL RARELY USE BECAUSE.

• A LARGE CHANGE IN SUPPLY VOLTAGE IS REQUIRMNET FOR

RELATIVELY SMALL CHANGE IN SPEED

• LARGE CHANGE IN SUPPLY VOLTAGE WILL RESULT IN LARGE

CHANGE IN FLUX DENSITY, HENCE DISTURBING THE MAGNETIC
CONDUCTIN OF MOTOR.
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Variable terminal voltage control

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Frequency control method

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 By changing the frequency we can control the speed of above
and below the rated speed .
 It offered high range of speed control.

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Stator current control method

 Starting torque of induction motor Ts is proportional to sqare

of stator current

 It is independent of supply of frequency.

 It is independent of rotor resistance.

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 A constant current o 3 phase induction motor can be obtain 3
phase CSI.

 Inductor convertor the DC voltage as constant current source

 CSI Regulated the output frequency and hence torque of

induction motor.

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How to speed control using VFD.

 RECTIFIRE

Rectifier use in VFD controller in convert ac to dc

 DC BUS

Dc output power flow through dc link to invertor input.

 IGBT

The insulated gate bi polar transistor is a common choice of VFD controller.

The IGBT through use control method name is pulse width modulation.

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V/f control

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 ADVANTAGE & DISADVANTGE

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
• EASSY SPEED CONTROL • POWER CONVERTOR FOR FOR
• MAINTANACE IS LESS CONTROL OF AC MOTOR ARE
• AC MOTOR IS LESS EXPENSSIVE. MORE COMPLICATED.
• PROVIDE LOW SPEED STARTING • POWER CONVERTOR FOR AC
FACILITY. MOTOR ARE MORE
EXPENSSIVE.
• SAVE ENERGY
• GENARATE HARMONIC OR
• REDUSE THERM AL AND MECH.
DISTURBUNCE.
STRESS

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CONCLUSION:


 incase of squirrel cage induction motor the slip can not be increase
above certain limit the operating speed range is very less.

 By applying the v/f control we can get the large operating range by
keeping v/f ratio constant .

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Reference

[1] Electrical Machine by G.S. Rao and P.S. Rao BY NTPL IIT Madras.

[2] Speed control of a three-phase induction motor based on robust

optimal preview control theory M.M.M. Negm, M.H. Swedi IEEE
Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[3] SPEED CONTROL OF INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE USING DC LINK

MEASUREMENT BY GOWTHAM S., PROF.ALLIRANI S (iCIRET2013)

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Thank you

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