Differentiation

- is the method of relating

people in terms of a particular
social characteristics and then
classifying them into social
categories based on their
characteristics; it does not
involve ranking.
Three Social Classes
1. The
class – consists of the elite or
wealthy families who are the
most prolific (productive) in
upper their respective areas. They
value heritage most over
class wealth.
 these are mostly
professional people like
2. The lawyers, doctors, managers,
owners of small businesses,
middle executives, etc. They value
education most since
class education to them is the
most vital measure of social
status.
 these are the office and
3. The clerical workers, skilled
and unskilled craftsman,
lower farm employees,
underemployed, indigent

class families, etc. They depend

on their paycheck.
 Status
is the individual’s spot in the social
structure. The higher or lower positions
that come about through social
stratification are called statuses.
 Social Desirables
Any rational individual will always
aspire for things that give wealth,
power, and prestige. The ability of
an individual to realize such
aspiration is forced by situations
where one is born into.
 Ascribed statuses Achieved statuses

- are assigned or given by the - are earned by the individual.

society or group based on some Examples are honors received in
fixed category. Examples are sex, school, good job, an award for
family background, ethnicity, etc. winning a competition, etc..
Prestige
and
Esteem
Prestige
 refersto the evaluation of status. You gain
respect according to your status.

Esteem
 refersto the assessment of our role behavior. The
measure of esteem we have depends on how well we
carry out our role.
 Political
Stratification
isthe extent to which inequalities
are encapsulated in, or influenced
by political structures and,
processes regarding influence,
power and authority.
Social Mobility System/Structure
 Social
mobility
isthe act of moving from one social
status to another.
 Open class system
- means that individuals can change
their social class in society. People are
free to gain a different level of
education or employment than their
parents. They can also socialize with
members of another group, which
allows people to move from one class
to another.
Caste and closed-
class system
- people can do little or nothing to
change their social standing.
People are born into it and will
remain in it. People are assigned
occupations regardless of their
talents, interests, or potential.
Types of
Social
Mobility
Horizontal mobility Vertical mobility
- is the movement of a person - is the movement of a person
within a social class level. between social class levels or
another class.
For example, a factory For example, a factory
worker who finds a new job as worker who enrolls in college
a construction worker. and becomes a businessman.