SHAPING & PLANING

By

Hassan El-Hofy

Professor
College of Engineering
Alexandria University
Shaping Motions
Planing Motions
Rocker Arm QRM
Hydraulic QRM
 Shaping Tools

Straight shaping tool Goose neck shaping tool

Planing & Slotting Tools

Planing tool Slotting tool

 Elements of chip formation
Tool

t
h Workpiece
t b

S

 Shaping Forces

A  Sxt F  k .A N
c v s c

F  k .S.t  k .b.h N
v s s
A  hxb
c
t
A  b.S. sin  b
c sin 
 Cutting Power
F .V
N  v
kW
c 3
60x10

Extra power, Nfg, is required to

overcome friction in the guide ways

N N N kW
t c fg
 Friction Power

( W  F ) V
p s kW
N 
For shaping fg 60000

(W  G  F ) V
w p s kW
For planing N 
fg 60000
 Symbols

Fv main cutting force (in the direction of Vc), N

V cutting speed, m/min
W weight of the shaper ram/planer table, N
Gw weight of the workpiece machined, N
Fp vertical component of the cutting force, N
 s coefficient of friction in the guide ways (0.1- 0.3)

3
VRR  10 V.S.t mm3/min
 Motor power
Max. force and Max. depth
F V
N  v
Motor power m 3 kW
60 x10 
m

3
60 x10  N
Maximum Fvx  m m N
cutting force
V
3
60x10  N
Max depth of tx  m m mm
cut
V.S.k
s
 Elements of Shaping
tool travel
Tool
V

Workpiece


b1
l

bw

b2
 Shaping time
 3 1
V  10 NH (1  )
s r m/min
s
3
N
10
V H  l  2
1 Stroke/min s
H (1  )
s r
s   0.1xl
B
t  min
m S.N
Bb b b mm
w 1 2
 Solved Example
A shaper is operated at 2 cutting
strokes/second and is used to machine a
workpiece of 150 mm in length at a feed of
0.4 mm/stroke and depth of cut 6 mm.
Calculate
 The cutting speed (V=32.4 m/min answer)
 The total machining time to produce 800
component each of 100 mm in width if rs =
2. (1680 min answer)
 The material removal rate. (77760 mm3/min
answer)