CELL TYPES

Different Types of cells in the human

body based on tissue formation
 Bone Cells (Osteocytes)
The toughest body cell
Give strength, support and
framework to the body
3 types:
Osteoblast- they build the bone.
Osteocyte- bone cover
Osteoclasts- make white blood cells
and repair bone.
 Cartilage Cells (chondrocytes)
Bendable
Ear bone
In between large bones to help
them bend and move freely like
in between two ribs, spinal
bones, joints.
Nerve Cells
 Very long and have many branching at either
ends.
 They never multiply in one’s life time.
 Present all over the body and are sometimes as
long as few meters long.
 Human brain cells and are found in plenty in brain
and the spinal cord and from the nervous tissue.
Dendrites receive and send
chemical messages
Brain and central and peripheral
nervous system
Epithelial cells
Simple cells
Covering layers of all the organs
Serves as the barriers for pathogens, fluid
loss and mechanical injuries.
Muscle Cells
 Cells are most of muscle tissue mostly long, large and have ability
to contract and relax providing movements.
 3 types:
 Skeletal muscle cells-attached to long bones and assist in their
movement
 Cardiac muscle cells- present only in heart muscle and are
responsible for heart beats
 Smooth muscle cells- flexible yet, can contract and relax present in
stomach, intestine, blood vessel walls (vascular tissue) helping in
movement of food through the gut.
Secretory cells
Secretory in nature.
Form glands and secretes something important- pancreatic
cells which secretes insulin, glucagon, salivary gland which
secrete salivary amylase, sebaceous gland which secretes oil
on the skin.
Found in secretory gland.
Adipose cells
 Fat cells
 Storage by nature to store fat.
 Seen in the soles palms, and bums.
 Reduce fiction to the body.
Blood cells
 Includes RBC’s, WBC and Thrombocytes
 Always motile and never stay in one place.
 Limited life span and they never multiply to form new
cells.
 Instead new cells are formed from other cells.
Red Blood Cells-
carry oxygen
around the body
White blood cell-
part of the
immune system
Platelet- help blood
clot to prevent
blood loss after
injury.
 Types of cells In human based on their
function
Conductive Cells- nerve cells and muscle cells.
- have internal ability to conduct an
electric impulse from one regions to other distant
region in the body.
Connective Cells- bone cells, blood cells
- they help connect other cells and tissues.
Glandular Cells- secretory cells
- form glands like pancreas,
salivary glands and help in production of
enzymes, hormones.
Storage Cells- act as support to adjacent cells.
Glial cells in the brain and spinal
cord help provide nourishment to the nerve
cells and also protect them from shock and
trauma.
Special Type of Cells
a. Sperms-haploid (one set of chromosome)
- represent males after puberty.
-have tails, which enable them to swim and
move in the female uterus.
- hayaluronidase (enzyme) helps them
penetrate through uterine tissue and reach oocytes.
b. oocytes- haploid
- present in adult female genital system
- they accept sperm cell to form zygote
C stem cells- basic cell or parent cells.
- treatment of disorder in the future.
d. Rods and cones- in the eyes.
- have capacity to capture image color
and light.
e. Ciliated cells- lining of respiratory tract and
esophagus, have pointed tread-like cilia which move
in one particular direction to pass material.
f. Blood cells- never attached to one another.