Topic:

E.M.F of cells and its

applications in fuel
cells and batteries.
Question : What is the e.m.f of cell ?

Answer:
The electromotive force of a cell is the maximum potential difference
between two electrodes of a cell. It can also be defined as a net voltage
between the oxidation and reduction half reactions.

Suppose , in Daniel cell,…..

The Zinc electrode as an anode and Copper act as a cathode.
 The cathode reaction
The anode reaction is
Zn(s) → Zn2+ (aq) + 2e– is represented as
represented as follows:
follows:

The combined cell

Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq) →
Cu (aq) +2e → Cu(s)
2+ – reaction or overall cell
reaction is as follows: Zn2+ (aq) + Cu(s)
 FUEL CELL

Definition : Efforts are constantly being made to increase the efficiency and
reduce the cost of conversion 0f fossel fuel by electrochemical method in a type
of Galvanic cell called a ‘fuel cell’.

The simplest form of fuel cell is a H2-o2 fuel cell. Usually KOH solution is used as
electrolyte. The anode is made up of porous carbon containing Ni, while the
cathode is made up of porous carbon containing Ni and NiO.
Anode:

Cathode:
 Applications of EMF in Fuel Cells

Hydrogen Fuel Cells Electric Vehicles Space Missions

EMF drives hydrogen fuel cells,
converting hydrogen and oxygen
into clean electricity with water as
the only byproduct.
EMF powers electric vehicles by
facilitating the flow of energy
from the fuel cell to the electric
motor, providing emission-free
transportation.
EMF enables long-duration space
missions, serving as a reliable
power source for satellites,
spaceships, and extraterrestrial
exploration.
 Applications of emf in Batteries

Lithium-Ion Batteries Lead-Acid Batteries Nickel-Metal Hydride

Commonly used in Commonly used in (NiMH) Batteries
consumer electronics, vehicles, UPS systems, and Used in portable
electric vehicles, and backup power supplies. electronics, hybrid
renewable energy systems. vehicles, and cordless
power tools
How Batteries Work

 Chemical Reactions
 Batteries convert chemical energy into electrical energy through
redox reactions.
 Anode and Cathode
 The anode is the negative terminal where oxidation occurs,
while the cathode is the positive terminal where reduction
occurs.
 Electrolyte
 The electrolyte allows the flow of ions between the anode and
cathode, enabling the transfer of electrons and the production of
electricity.
 Conclusion

 The emf of cells plays a crucial role in the operation of fuel

cells and batteries. Understanding this concept leads to
advancements in clean energy, portable power, and various
other applications.