BGP:Border Gateway Protocol devices on the internet.

and is a suite of communication protocols used to interconnect network

EIGRP:Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol TCP/IP: stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

RIP: Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a dynamic routing protocol

(IPX/SPX) Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) : an interior gateway protocol Exchange is a set of network protocols that provide packet
(IGP) for routing Internet Protocol (IP) packets within a single switching and sequencing for small and large networks. IPX
routing domain, such as an autonomous system. works at layer 3 of Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)
model and SPX works at layer 4

ISIS:(Intermediate System - Intermediate System) protocol is one of

a family of IP Routing protocols, and is an Interior Gateway Protocol
(IGP) for the Internet, used to distribute IP routing information
AppleTalk is a communications network system
throughout a single Autonomous System (AS) in an IP network interconnecting personal computer workstations
 ROUTING PROTOCOLS

Distance Vector routing protocols based

on their decisions on the best path to a
given destination based on the distance.
Distance is usually measured in hops

In link-state routing protocols, each router

possesses information about the complete
network topology.
Hybrid routing protocols are a combination
of distance-vector and link-state routing
protocols, and are used to provide a more
efficient and scalable routing solution in
larger networks
  static routing is a form of
routing that occurs when a
router uses a manually-
configured routing entry, rather
than information from dynamic
routing traffic. In many cases,
static routes are manually
configured by a network
administrator by adding in
entries into a routing table

STATIC
ROUTING
DYNAMIC ROUTING
RIP(ROUTING INFORMATION PROTOCOL)
 Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a dynamic routing protocol that uses
hop count as a routing metric to find the best path between the source and the
destination network. It is a distance-vector routing protocol that has an AD
value of 120 and works on the Network layer of the OSI model.
 RIP versions: RIPV1, RIPV2, and RIPng.(IPV6 only)
IGP(INTERIOR GATEWAY PROTOCOL
-OSPF(OPEN SHORTEST PATH FIRST)
 Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a link-state routing protocol that is used to
find the best path between the source and the destination router.

All routers are running OSPF.

Routers R1 and R2 are inside the
backbone area (area 0).
Router R3 is an ABR (Area Border
Router is a device which is connecting
two different OSPF Areas.)
Router R6 is an ASBR (autonomous
system boundary router)because it
connects the OSPF network to another
routing domain
The role of an ABR is to advertise
address summaries to neighboring
areas. The role of an ASBR is to
connect an OSPF routing domain to
another external network
 BGP(BORDER GATEWAY PROTOCOL)
 BGP is responsible for looking at all of the available paths that data
could travel and picking the best route, which usually means
hopping between autonomous systems

If AS1 needs to route a packet to AS3, it has

two different options:
Hopping to AS2 and then to AS3:
AS2 → AS3
Or hopping to AS6, then to AS5, AS4, and
finally to AS3:
AS6 → AS5 → AS4 → AS3
An autonomous system is a group of
networks and gateways for which one
administrative authority has
responsibility.