Dynamic Modeling of

1
Solar Water Pumping System with Energy Storage

Mekelle University

Ethiopian Institute Technology –Mekelle(EIT-M)

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering.

 BY Abadi Negash
2 Contents

 Introduction  Literature review  Results Analysis

 Objective  methodology  Simulation Result
 Problem statement Analysis.
 Conclusion
 3 Introduction
 The water pumping system is one of the most useful application of the
production of renewable energy which used in isolated area where do not
get the access of electricity grid for irrigation.
 The solar energy is considerable and more economically for the efficient
use of renewable energy.
 This system used in a country which are agriculture based, densely
populated, developing country and their GDP comes from agriculture
sector.
 Introduction
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 Water pumping system irrigation is needed to produce rice as during the

dry season (January to May). For most of cultivatable land is under ground
water irrigation system.
 The PV system are the most critical case of energy supply system with the
most obvious necessity of having regard to all the particularities of energy
conversion from generation to consumption .
 These sources of energy are projected to assists in the mitigation of the
climate changes in the improvement of the security of worldwide energy
supply system.
 For these reasons the utilization of solar energy is rapidly turning in one of
the most useful and efficient energy source system.
5 Statement Problem of This Paper
 In this project the author develops this project for those country which are
agriculture based, densely populated, developing country and as it’s its
geographical location is best for solar irrigation pump system.
 In Bangladesh irrigation is needed to produce rice as during the dry season as
almost 85 percent of the cultivated land is under ground water irrigation system.
To solve such problem the author develops solar irrigation pumping system with
both battery storage and water tank.
 Bangladesh has import billions of liters of diesel to run the irrigation water
pumping system , in this situations solar irrigation pump is best such off grid
area.
 This project analysis would investigate how the cost vary along with change in
load demand and irradiance.
 Objective
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General Objective:
 The main objective of this project is dynamic models of solar water pumping
system with energy storage to run a motor pump set using solar energy to lift
ground water for irrigation purpose
Specific Objective:
 The use of solar energy which helps to reduce the cost of diesel source in such as
developing country.
 As using diesel engine which affects the environment through pillion using solar
energy is the best.
 As compared with other sources energy solar energy use low maintenance cost.
 Using solar system which reduce the parameters used in grid connection
 Literature review
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 Alshamani, Abdulhamid in May 2018. develops system dynamic

modeling done using MATLAB/Simulink in saudi arabia which contains
several such solar arrays, two stages DC-DC boost converter, energy
storage, DC shunt motor, and centrifugal pump which has been developed
based on the sizing of the system in order to improve the system efficiency.
 Biswas, Shatadru on 8 April 2018 develops the dynamic modeling of a
system used for extraction of groundwater for irrigation using an alternative
source of energy in Bangladesh using MATLAB simulation performed with
two types of energy storage system which are electric energy using a battery
bank and stored water in a large water tank.
 Literature review
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 Shepovalova, Olga V. in 2020 PV water pumping is the main power

source, and lead acid batteries are used as energy storage system to
supply a water pump driven by a BLDC motor. The proposed control
strategy consists of three control units. The first unit is to control the
speed and hysteresis current controller for BLDC motor. The second
control system is to control the maximum power point tracking (MPPT)
and the battery charging/discharging system is controlled by the third
controller in this simulation results show the effectiveness and the good
efficiency of the proposed system.
 9
methodology

 The solar pumping irrigation system consists of the components such as

photovoltaic array, inverter, motor pump and storage system.
 The model of solar irrigation pumping system with energy storage was
built in Mat lab Simulink.
 methodology
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 11
CON…
 The PV module is assembly of a number of electrically connected solar cells
which are mounted on a frame whereas array can be formed by wiring
multiple modules together.
 PV modules produce DC electricity which is connected in series or parallel
electrical arrangement.
 PV inverter used to convert the DC output of a PV solar panel in to utility
frequency AC then the Ac power used to run a motor pump set ground water
extraction.
 The motor and pump are connected through shaft.
 12
CON…

 There are two types of storage which are energy storage in batteries and water
storage in large tank. This storage is used during the night, cloudy day
conditions.
 In this project the author carried out size of the system through HOMER
(Hybrid Optimization and Multiple Energy Recourses) and hand calculation.
 The dynamic model of the system was run by mat lab Simulink based on the
HOMER result. The system component with their rating Pv 38.4 Kw( 310 wp
for each),number of battery storage 60 (12v,200Ahr each) and Inverter 20.7
Kw.
 13
CON…
 System Sizing. The system was designed to lift maximum of 1930 m3 of
water per day (October) with average discharge of 241.25m 3/h.
 Total Dynamic Head (THD). Elevation head= (12+3) =15m, friction
head loss for fitting (1.6+0.11) =1.71m, friction head loss for pipe using
Hazen williams formula (0.28+0.16) =0.44m, total friction head loss=
(1.71+0.44) =2.15m so
 total dynamic head =15m+2.15m=17.15m.
 Pump Size. The needed hydraulic power of the pump is
 ph = Qpgh/3600*1000
ph=241.25*1000*9.8*17.5/3600*1000=11.26kw
 CON…
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 Motor Size. The induction motor power is pm=ph/nm 11.26/0.75=15.013kw.

where as nm is induction motor pump efficiency assume as 0.75
 3.4 PV panel. The system is designed to run for eight hours only.
Pump use =15013*8=120104wh/day.
 The needed pv energy total watt hour per day is multiplied by 1.3(system
loss) and divided by panel generation factor (4.32 for indian).
Total PV energy need=120104*1.3=156135.2wh/day
 Total watt power of pv=156135.2/4.32=36142.407 wp. The author use 310
wp module, so Number of pv panels=36142.407/310=116.59.The selected
panel is 72 cell panels and anumber of panels connected in series in each
 CON…
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 Inverter. The inverter capacity is selected as 21 kw.
 Battery storage. For one day back up needed battery bank ampere hour=
(120104/48)=2502.17Ahr. The battery bank rated capacity is 2600Ahr nominal
voltage is 48 v.
 Water Storage Tank Equivalent to Battery Storage. From HOMER number of
battery strings=15.
Total watt hour=48*200*15=144000 J.
 Total volume of water needed to be stored in water tank
 m(kg)=144000*3600)/ (17.5*9.8) =3.08*10 6 kg or 3081m3.
 Result Analysis.
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 The solar irrigation pumping system was carried out by HOMER optimization
within 10% variation in load 119kwh/d, 107kwh/d and 131kwh/d and for
irradiance which is 4.52kwh/m2/d,4.07kwh/m2/d and 4.99kwh/m2/d respectively.
 The following fig 2 show how the total net present cost fluctuates with variation
of irradiances and load. For lowest and highest load demand, the total NPC
decreases linearly with the increase of irradiance. In case of 119 kWh/d load
demand, the NPC falls sharply as irradiance goes higher.
 But the cost of energy(COE)is the same for any voltage demand at highest
irradiance level as in fig 3 .How ever for lowest irradiance level the COE is the
same for 119kwh/d and 131kwh/d. The COE of lowest and average load demand
becomes the same when the solar PV modules get average irradiance.
 17
CON…

 Fig 2.sensitivity analysis based on NPC

 18
CON…

 Fig 3.Sensitivity Analaysis Based on COE

 19
Simulation Result Analysis.
 In this the simulation was done for both dynamic model Mat lab Simulink
battery based and for battery less system. Which are ,
 for Battery less System. PV module voltage and current at maximum power
points are 35.8v and 8.68A accordingly.
 As the selected panel is 72 cell panels and two is the number of panels
connected in series per string the bus voltage should be 48v.total number of
string is 62.
 In the following fig 5 it show the irradiance, temperature, diode current, pv
voltage and pv current.
20
Cont’d
Fig 5. Pv module components
 21 Cont’d
 In the following shown fig7 the water discharge and tanker water level. The
average water discharge during five seconds of simulation was 0.05m 3/s or
180m3/h .If the system runs for eight hours the induction motor will be able to
lift 1440m3 of water per day which is close to the estimated .


 Fig 7 Water Discharge And Tanker Water Level.

 22
Cont’d
 Battery Based System. The number of string in Module remains the same for
battery based system except the use of small transformer and
MPPT(maximum power point tracker ) are used instead of boost converter.
 In the following fig 8 shows the irradiance, temperature, diode current, pv
voltage and pv current. In fig 9 shows DC voltage Dc current and duty
cycle of the MPPT tracer. The voltage was 48 v as expected. The value of
duty cycle was 0.45.
 23 Cont’d

 fig 8 PV modul s components

 24 Cont…
Cont’d

 Fig 9.Dc components

 25
Cont’d
 This project life time decided as for 25 years .
 The economy comparison was done among the four battery less system, battery
based system, combination of both and diesel system based on total cost.
 All the categories were simulated using HOMER to get the best solution each
group.
 In the following fig 1 show the total cost of the project at the beginning (first
year) and fig 2 show the total cost of the project for 25 years.
 From this analysis the total cost of the diesel engine system is lowest for one
year operation period, but it is worst solution for longer period due to diesel
operated engine will cause pollution.

26
Cont’d
 Cont’d
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 Fig 12. system cost for twenty-fve year period

 Conclusions
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 From this project we have understand renewable energy system offers an

alternative way for sustainable development of a country.
 In this projects the author develop solar water pumping system for irrigation
system in Bangladesh as it is best feasible solution for longer period which
is for twenty five years of life cycle.
 From its result the solar PV system will cost half of the diesel engine
operated system. Combination of both the battery storage and water tank is
the economically feasible solution to meet the irrigation challenges faced
during dry season.
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29 If you have anyquestion

Thank you!