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Sociology
 Sociology
Etymologically, sociology is derived
from the Latin word "socius" meaning
"companion" or "associate" , and the
word "logos" , a Greek word for "study".
Thus, sociology is the study of
association, group, society, and social
interaction.
Areas of Sociology
1.) Social organization
• This field includes the study of
social groups, social institutions,
social stratification and mobility,
ethnic relations and bureaucracy.
2.) Social Psychology 3.) Social Change
• This includes the study of • Click Social organization and
human nature as outcome of social disorganization. This
group life, personality area involves the study of
formation, and collective change in cultureand ongoing
behavior. social problems.
 Areas of Sociology

4.) Human ecology 6.) Sociological theory 6.) Applied sociology

5.) Population Studies
• This area studies the • This field is concerned
behavior of a given with the population size,
composition, change,
population and its
and quality as they
relationship to the
influence the economic,
group’s social political, and social
institutions and systems and vice versa.
natural resources.
and research
• This area is concerned with
the discovery, development,
and replication of research
tools that will test the
applicability of the principles
of group life as basis for the
regulation of the social
environment.
• This area is concerned with
the application of the
findings of pure sociological
research to such various
fields as marriage and
family, criminology,
penology, social work,
education, industrial
relations.
Hello there!
Sociological imagination

Sociological Imagination is that quality of the mind

essential to grasp the interplay of men and society, of
biography and history, of self and the world. It is a way
of looking at our personal experiences in terms of what
is going on in the world around us. (C. Wright Mills,
1959), It is that quality of the mind that enables one to
do the following:
Sociological imagination

1. See what is going on in the world and what may be happening within
3. See the power of society to shape our own lives;
ourselves; .

2. See that society-not our own foibles or failures is responsible for

4. Define the troubles we endure in terms of historical change; and
many of our problems;

5. See the intricate connection between the patterns of our own lives and the course of world history.
Hello there!
Sociological perspective

On the other hand, sociological perspective is a

distinctive point of view that the social world guides our
actions, thinking, and life's choices. (Maciones, 1997).
It tells us:
Sociological perspective

1. That the general categories into which we happen to fall shape our
3. That social forces affect human behavior;
particular life experiences;

4. That where we are placed in our society profoundly affects our

2. That society guides our thoughts and deeds;
individual experiences; and

5. That the position of our society in the larger world system also affects everyone in our country.
 Sociological Inquiry

According to (Panopio, 2004) Sociologist refers to a person

Sociological Inquiry refers to with professional knowledge and
scientific investigation or intellectual
skills in studying the facts of
and rigorous research on a particular
society and social behavior
issue, problem, concern, event or
through rigorous scientific
situation for a better understanding
of the same.and It is concerned with
inquiry in order to arrive at
the repetitive patterns in human certain generalizations and truths
behavior about social life and society.
 Goal of sociological Inquiry
The Basic goal of Sociological Inquiry is to obtain a better understanding of
society and the interactions,social relations,social phenomenas,social behavior and
social process
 Fundamental procedures in
sociological inquiry
1. Defining the problem

• . Selecting a topic for research and defining key

concepts:

2. reviewing related literature

• Familiarizing oneself with the existing theory

and research on the topic

3. Forming hypothesis

• Defining the relationship between measurable variables

so that they can be measured and the hypothesis tested.
 Fundamental procedures in
sociological inquiry
4. Choosing research design

• . Selecting a method for study: experiment; case study, survey,

field observation, or a historical approach.

5. Collecting the data

• Collecting the information that will test the

hypothesis

7. Analyzing the data

• Working with and examining the data to shed light on

the hypothesis.
 Fundamental procedures in
sociological inquiry
8. Communicating the result of study

• sharing the findings and conclusions with the academic

community and, potentially, the public through various channels
.
Methods, Techniques and Tools in Sociological Inquiry
 Experiment
Survey
A research method that exposes subjects to a specially designed

situation. By systematically recording subjects' reactions, the researcher can

A method of research using either
assess the effects of different variables. It offers the most effective technique
questionnaire or interviews, or both, to learn
for establishing a cause-and effect relationship.
how people think, feel, or act.

Case study Field observation

A research method in which researchers deliberately involve themselves in the
- Intensive study and examination of a person or
activity, group, or community they are studying in order to get an insider's view. In
a specific group, organization or institution is non-participant observation, the researcher enters the situation as a third party as he

carried out. observes and records what he is studying.

Interviewing
the researcher may interview subjects face-to-

face or by telephone
 Thank you T_T

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