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    This document discusses anthropometry, which is the measurement of the human body. It covers topics like what anthropometric data is used for, how it is collected, and how it can inform product design approaches. Specifically, it outlines four main design approaches: 1) Design for average, 2) Design for extremes, 3) Designing for population variance, and 4) Design for adjustability. The best approach allows accommodation of 95% of users but is the most costly. Steps for ergonomic design include deciding on the body part, user, accommodation level, and performing calculations.

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    This document discusses anthropometry, which is the measurement of the human body. It covers topics like what anthropometric data is used for, how it is collected, and how it can inform product design approaches. Specifically, it outlines four main design approaches: 1) Design for average, 2) Design for extremes, 3) Designing for population variance, and 4) Design for adjustability. The best approach allows accommodation of 95% of users but is the most costly. Steps for ergonomic design include deciding on the body part, user, accommodation level, and performing calculations.

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    1 views25 pages

    Es411 Week 5

    Uploaded by

    sezerkumtash
    This document discusses anthropometry, which is the measurement of the human body. It covers topics like what anthropometric data is used for, how it is collected, and how it can inform product design approaches. Specifically, it outlines four main design approaches: 1) Design for average, 2) Design for extremes, 3) Designing for population variance, and 4) Design for adjustability. The best approach allows accommodation of 95% of users but is the most costly. Steps for ergonomic design include deciding on the body part, user, accommodation level, and performing calculations.

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    of 25

    ES 411 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH I

    Dr. Özge ERBAŞ

    WEEK 5
    Anthropometry, Antropometric Design:
    Design Approaches
    ANTHROPOMETRICS

    Anthropometry is composed of two Greek words:


     Anthropos = human
     Metron = measure

    Anthropometry is the study and recording of the systematic measurements and physical properties of the human body
    (size and shape).
     Length
     Width
     Height
     Weight
     Circumference
    ANTHROPOMETRY IS NOT LIMITED TO
    HEIGHT AND WEIGHT ONLY!

     Ratios
     Reach distances
     Static force capacities
     Strength capacities
    WHERE/HOW DO WE USE ANTHROPOMETRIC DATA?

     Product design
     Observation: Children physical growth, historical changes, trends
     Evaluate nutrition types and Nutrition-Diseases (Epidemiological studies)
     Understanding human physical variation (Gender - Body Fat percentages)
     Understanding human physical variation
    DIFFERENCES

    Gender
    Region / Location
    Ethnicity
    Age
    Generations / Era
    STATIC AND DYNAMIC ANTHROPOMETRICS

    Physical (Static) Anthropometry – Functional (Dynamic) Anthropometry –


    while static while the performs activities (the body is in
    standing and sitting motion or engaged in a physical activity)
     Height, Arm length, head  Reach, clearance and volumetric data
    circumference, mass  Sitting height
     Clearance (ex: how many people can walk
    through a doorway at once)
     Reach distance (arm length + extended torso)
    ANTROPOMETRIC
    DATA COLLECTION METHODS

    1.Mechanical – Tape, scale, calliper

    2. Photography Method

    3. Computerized: 3D Scanners
    1. MECHANICAL – TAPE, SCALE, CALIPPER
    2. PHOTOGRAPHY METHOD
    3. COMPUTURIZED: 3D SCANNERS
    ANTHROPOMETRIC DESIGN:
    DESIGN APPROACHES

    1. Design for average

    2. Design for extremes

    3. Designing for population anthropometric variance

    4. Design for adjustability


    1. DESIGN FOR AVERAGE

    The average
    1. DESIGN FOR AVERAGE
    2. DESIGN FOR EXTREMES
    3. DESIGNING FOR POPULATION VARIANCE
    4. DESIGN FOR ADJUSTABILITY

    Ergonomics Design must accommodate a range of user dimensions, typically from a 5 th


    percentile woman to a 95th percentile man.
     – 95 out of 100 users
     – fits «most» people
     – Best approach, but costly!!
    STEPS FOR ERGONOMIC DESIGNS

    1. Decide for the body part

    2. Decide for the user

    3. Decide for the accommodation level

    4. Calculate
    STEPS FOR ERGONOMIC DESIGNS

    1. Decide for the body part


     Hat: head circumference
     Chair: popliteal height
     Shower head height: height
     Ladder: shoulder width
     Screen height: sitting eye height
    STEPS FOR ERGONOMIC DESIGNS

    2. Decide for the user


     Young, old, children
     Male, female
     American, European
    STEPS FOR ERGONOMIC DESIGNS

    3. Decide for the accommodation level


    STEPS FOR ERGONOMIC DESIGNS

    4. Calculation
     Mean ± (standard deviation*z-value)
    WHICH DESIGN STRATEGIES SHOULD BE EMPLOYED?

     Leg clearance under a work table?

     Average, Extreme, Population


    variance, or Adjustability
    WHICH DESIGN STRATEGIES SHOULD BE EMPLOYED?

     Height of a visual display unit (standing)?

     Average, Extreme, Population variance, or


    Adjustability

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