History of Linguistic

Development

4th meeting
 According to Ferdinand D. Saussure, history of
linguistic can be divided into 3 steps of
development :
1. GRAMA STEP

Grika’s people ===continue by French expert
- discuss about LOGICS
- rule in language
- normative or limited
2. PHILOLOGY STEP
Alexandria’s people == Friedrics August Wolf
- language is not an object
- they focus on literature and customs
3. COMPARATIVE STEP/COMPARATIVE
PHILOLOGY === the expert tried to compare one
language to another one
 Basically, history of linguistic
development derived from 2 worlds, namely:
WEST  EAST

Ancient Greek India

4th century before Christ

 

WEST
@ A philosopher from ancient Greek : PLATO

@ He produced types of ancient Greek words
with his philosophy, such as:
ONOMA : 1st sentence/Noun
RHEMA : 2nd sentence/V and Adj
@ Continued by his students : ARISTOTELES
@ He produced types of ancient Greek words
into 3 types:
ONOMA same with his teacher
RHEMA
SYNDESMOS === to complete above
 

EAST
Panini introduced “VYAKARANA”. It
tells about Sanskrit grammar especially in
phonology. 
His student, Patanjali tried to make some
explanation and called “MAHABHASA”.
The motivation of this book is religious,
not linguistics.
Panini linguistic description is the purest
structural linguistic because his
description like structural description in
the West.
 There are 2 kinds of
linguistics histories

a. DIACHRONIC
Learning history from 1 time to
another time/era/period.
b. SYNCHRONIC
Learning history only 1
time/era/ period/certain.