R E AD I N G S I N

P H I L I PP I NE
HI S T O R Y
MARK JAY T. JABON
 UNIT 1:
Meaning and Relevance of
History
A. Meaning and Relevance of History
B. Distinction of Primary and Secondary Sources; External and
Internal Sources
History
Tradtional Understanding

• Study of the past

• Chronological record of
significant events often
including an explanation of
their causes.
History

Modern Understanding

• Came from the Greek word

“Historia” that means “Knowledge
acquired through inquiry or
investigation.”
• Sources are oral traditions in forms
of epics, songs, artifacts,
architecture, memory etc.
 i o n o f H i s t o r y
Divis
• Pre-History d s e x is t
n o w ri tte n re c o r
• period whe r e
g s o f p eo p l e w er e
e w r it in
or when th
no t p re se rv e d .
s si ls a n d a rtif a c ts
r o u g h f o
• analyzed th
e o lo g is ts a n d
by Archa
Anth ro p o lo g i s t s
 i o n o f H i s t o r y
Divis
2. History o w rit e a n d
n m a n sta rt e d t
• period whe f
u s in g a s y st e m o
record e v e n ts
writing. ,
u g h w o o d c a rv e s
• an a ly z ed th r o
w r it te n p a p y r u s,
engraved m e ta l s ,
w ri tte n p a p e r s .
 Role of Historians

• To look at the available sources and select the most

relevant for history and subject of study.
• To organize the past that is being created.
• To seek for the meaning of recovering the past to let the
people see the continuing relevance of memories
(Historical Understanding)
 Historiography
• “Writing of history” (Historical Writing)
• Based on critical examination of sources, selection of
particular details from authentic materials in those sources
and the synthesis of those details into a narrative
• Done through “Historical Research” with the aid of
“Historical Methodology”
 Historiography
1 2 3 4 5
Choosing a Looking for data Determining the Analyze the Writing the
topic through Historical data as a Primary data through entire narrative
Sources or Secondary historical
source. criticisms.
 Importance of
History
• To unite a nation
• To legitimize regime and forge a sense of collective identity
through collective memory.
• To make sense of the present
• To not repeat mistakes of the past
• To inspire people to keep their good practices to move forward.
 Historical Timeframe of the
Philippines
9000 BCE OR 21ST CENTURY
7000 BCE

SPANISH ERA
COMTEMPORARY ERA -
AMERICAN ERA
PRE-HISTORIC ERA PRESENT

JAPANESE ERA
History and Historical
Research
WHAT IS HISTORY?
 WHAT IS HISTORY?

IS THE ACCOUNT OF THE PAST OF A PERSON OR A

GROUP OF PEOPLE THROUGH WRITTEN DOCUMENTS
AND HISTORICAL EVIDENCES.
 What is History?

• History also focused on writing about wars, revolutions,

and other important breakthroughs.
 No Document, No History

It means that unless a written document can prove a

certain historical event, then it cannot be considered as
a historical fact.
WHAT IS HISTORY?

HISTORY IS THE SYSTEMATIC STUDY OF PAST EVENTS, SOCIETIES, AND

CULTURES, ENABLING US TO UNDERSTAND THE EVOLUTION OF HUMAN
CIVILIZATION OVER TIME. IT ENCOMPASSES VARIOUS ASPECTS OF HUMAN
EXPERIENCES, INCLUDING POLITICS, ECONOMICS, CULTURE, AND SOCIAL
INTERACTIONS. HISTORICAL RESEARCH INVOLVES THE RIGOROUS
INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SOURCES,
ARTIFACTS, AND NARRATIVES TO RECONSTRUCT AND INTERPRET THE PAST
ACCURATELY.
WHAT IS HISTORICAL
RESEARCH?
 r i c a l R e s e a c h
Histo n to ta k e
rc h is u n d e r
Historical resea e s,
s c o n c e rn i n g th e c a u s
answer qu e s t io n
el a ti n g t o o a s t ev e n t s
effects o r t re n d s r
d li g h t o n th e p re s e n t
tha t m ay sh e
ic e s o r b e h av o u r.
pract
 r i c a l R e s e a c h
Histo stematic a sy
rc h in v o lv e s
Historical resea a ta
riti c a l e v a lu at io n o f d
collection an d c
r en ce s o f a p a rt ic u la r
relating to p ast o c cu r
phenomenon.
 Characteristics of Historical Research

• It is not a mere accumulation of facts and data

• It is a flowing, vibran report of past events
• Collecting and reading the research material
• It deals with discovery of data
• It is analytical that it uses logical induction
• It has a variety of foci such as issues, events, movement,
concept.
 Types of Historical Research

• Social issues
• Study of specific individuals, educational institutions and
social movements
• Exploration of relationships between events
• Synthesis of data
• Reinterpretation of past events
 Historical Research

Historical research promotes critical thinking, as researchers

navigate biases, analyze evidence, and construct narratives.
Cross-referencing and scrutinizing multiple sources ensure
accuracy.
Activity
Th a n k
you